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edingburgh picturesque notes-第10部分
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each impudently squatted in its garden; each roofed and 
carrying chimneys like a house。  And yet a glance of an 
eye discovers their true character。  They are not houses; 
for they were not designed with a view to human 
habitation; and the internal arrangements are; as they 
tell me; fantastically unsuited to the needs of man。  
They are not buildings; for you can scarcely say a thing 
is built where every measurement is in clamant 
disproportion with its neighbour。  They belong to no 
style of art; only to a form of business much to be 
regretted。
Why should it be cheaper to erect a structure where 
the size of the windows bears no rational relation to the 
size of the front?  Is there any profit in a misplaced 
chimney…stalk?  Does a hard…working; greedy builder gain 
more on a monstrosity than on a decent cottage of equal 
plainness?  Frankly; we should say; No。  Bricks may be 
omitted; and green timber employed; in the construction 
of even a very elegant design; and there is no reason why 
a chimney should be made to vent; because it is so 
situated as to look comely from without。  On the other 
hand; there is a noble way of being ugly: a high…aspiring 
fiasco like the fall of Lucifer。  There are daring and 
gaudy buildings that manage to be offensive; without 
being contemptible; and we know that 'fools rush in where 
angels fear to tread。'  But to aim at making a common…
place villa; and to make it insufferably ugly in each 
particular; to attempt the homeliest achievement; and to 
attain the bottom of derided failure; not to have any 
theory but profit and yet; at an equal expense; to 
outstrip all competitors in the art of conceiving and 
rendering permanent deformity; and to do all this in what 
is; by nature; one of the most agreeable neighbourhoods 
in Britain:… what are we to say; but that this also is a 
distinction; hard to earn although not greatly 
worshipful?
Indifferent buildings give pain to the sensitive; 
but these things offend the plainest taste。  It is a 
danger which threatens the amenity of the town; and as 
this eruption keeps spreading on our borders; we have 
ever the farther to walk among unpleasant sights; before 
we gain the country air。  If the population of Edinburgh 
were a living; autonomous body; it would arise like one 
man and make night hideous with arson; the builders and 
their accomplices would be driven to work; like the Jews 
of yore; with the trowel in one hand and the defensive 
cutlass in the other; and as soon as one of these masonic 
wonders had been consummated; right…minded iconoclasts 
should fall thereon and make an end of it at once。
Possibly these words may meet the eye of a builder 
or two。  It is no use asking them to employ an architect; 
for that would be to touch them in a delicate quarter; 
and its use would largely depend on what architect they 
were minded to call in。  But let them get any architect 
in the world to point out any reasonably well…
proportioned villa; not his own design; and let them 
reproduce that model to satiety。
CHAPTER VIII。
THE CALTON HILL。
THE east of new Edinburgh is guarded by a craggy 
hill; of no great elevation; which the town embraces。  
The old London road runs on one side of it; while the New 
Approach; leaving it on the other hand; completes the 
circuit。  You mount by stairs in a cutting of the rock to 
find yourself in a field of monuments。  Dugald Stewart 
has the honours of situation and architecture; Burns is 
memorialised lower down upon a spur; Lord Nelson; as 
befits a sailor; gives his name to the top…gallant of the 
Calton Hill。  This latter erection has been differently 
and yet; in both cases; aptly compared to a telescope and 
a butter…churn; comparisons apart; it ranks among the 
vilest of men's handiworks。  But the chief feature is an 
unfinished range of columns; 'the Modern Ruin' as it has 
been called; an imposing object from far and near; and 
giving Edinburgh; even from the sea; that false air; of a 
Modern Athens which has earned for her so many slighting 
speeches。  It was meant to be a National Monument; and 
its present state is a very suitable monument to certain 
national characteristics。  The old Observatory … a quaint 
brown building on the edge of the steep … and the new 
Observatory … a classical edifice with a dome … occupy 
the central portion of the summit。  All these are 
scattered on a green turf; browsed over by some sheep。
The scene suggests reflections on fame and on man's 
injustice to the dead。  You see Dugald Stewart rather 
more handsomely commemorated than Burns。  Immediately 
below; in the Canongate churchyard; lies Robert 
Fergusson; Burns's master in his art; who died insane 
while yet a stripling; and if Dugald Stewart has been 
somewhat too boisterously acclaimed; the Edinburgh poet; 
on the other hand; is most unrighteously forgotten。  The 
votaries of Burns; a crew too common in all ranks in 
Scotland and more remarkable for number than discretion; 
eagerly suppress all mention of the lad who handed to him 
the poetic impulse and; up to the time when he grew 
famous; continued to influence him in his manner and the 
choice of subjects。  Burns himself not only acknowledged 
his debt in a fragment of autobiography; but erected a 
tomb over the grave in Canongate churchyard。  This was 
worthy of an artist; but it was done in vain; and 
although I think I have read nearly all the biographies 
of Burns; I cannot remember one in which the modesty of 
nature was not violated; or where Fergusson was not 
sacrificed to the credit of his follower's originality。  
There is a kind of gaping admiration that would fain roll 
Shakespeare and Bacon into one; to have a bigger thing to 
gape at; and a class of men who cannot edit one author 
without disparaging all others。  They are indeed mistaken 
if they think to please the great originals; and whoever 
puts Fergusson right with fame; cannot do better than 
dedicate his labours to the memory of Burns; who will be 
the best delighted of the dead。
Of all places for a view; this Calton Hill is 
perhaps the best; since you can see the Castle; which you 
lose from the Castle; and Arthur's Seat; which you cannot 
see from Arthur's Seat。  It is the place to stroll on one 
of those days of sunshine and east wind which are so 
common in our more than temperate summer。  The breeze 
comes off the sea; with a little of the freshness; and 
that touch of chill; peculiar to the quarter; which is 
delightful to certain very ruddy organizations and 
greatly the reverse to the majority of mankind。  It 
brings with it a faint; floating haze; a cunning 
decolourizer; although not thick enough to obscure 
outlines near at hand。  But the haze lies more thickly to 
windward at the far end of Musselburgh Bay; and over the 
Links of Aberlady and Berwick Law and the hump of the 
Bass Rock it assumes the aspect of a bank of thin sea 
fog。
Immediately underneath upon the south; you command 
the yards of the High School; and the towers and courts 
of the new Jail … a large place; castellated to the 
extent of folly; standing by itself on the edge of a 
steep cliff; and often joyfully hailed by tourists as the 
Castle。  In the one; you may perhaps see female prisoners 
taking exercise like a string of nuns; in the other; 
schoolboys running at play and their shadows keeping step 
with them。  From the bottom of the valley; a gigantic 
chimney rises almost to the level of the eye; a taller 
and a shapelier edifice than Nelson's Monument。  Look a 
little farther; and there is Holyrood Palace; with its 
Gothic frontal and ruined abbey; and the red sentry 
pacing smartly too and fro before the door like a 
mechanical figure in a panorama。  By way of an outpost; 
you can single out the little peak…roofed lodge; over 
which Rizzio's murderers made their escape and where 
Queen Mary herself; according to gossip; bathed in white 
wine to entertain her loveliness。  Behind and overhead; 
lie the Queen's Park; from Muschat's Cairn to 
Dumbiedykes; St。 Margaret's Loch; and the long wall of 
Salisbury Crags: and thence; by knoll and rocky bulwark 
and precipitous slope; the eye rises to the top of 
Arthur's Seat; a hill for magnitude; a mountain in virtue 
of its bold design。  This upon your left。  Upon the 
right; the roofs and spires of the Old Town climb one 
above another to where the citadel prints its broad bulk 
and jagged crown of bastions on the western sky。 … 
Perhaps it is now one in the afternoon; and at the same 
instant of time; a ball rises to the summit of Nelson's 
flagstaff close at hand; and; far away; a puff of smoke 
followed by a report bursts from the half…moon battery at 
the Castle。  This is the time…gun by which people set 
their watches; as far as the sea  
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