ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡
¶ÁÊéÊÒ ·µ»Ø±¾ÊéĿ¼ ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ© ÎÒµÄÊé¼Ü ÎÒµÄÊéÇ© TXTÈ«±¾ÏÂÔØ ¡ºÊղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷¡»

north america-2-µÚ67²¿·Ö

¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿! Èç¹û±¾ÊéûÓÐÔĶÁÍ꣬ÏëÏ´μÌÐø½Ó×ÅÔĶÁ£¬¿ÉʹÓÃÉÏ·½ "Êղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷" ¹¦ÄÜ ºÍ "¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©" ¹¦ÄÜ£¡

n¡£¡¡¡¡No¡¡income¡¡tax£»¡¡for¡¡instance£»¡¡can¡¡be¡¡laid¡¡on¡¡the¡¡general¡¡incomes¡¡of¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡that¡¡shall¡¡be¡¡universal¡¡throughout¡¡the¡¡States¡£¡¡¡¡An¡¡income¡¡tax¡¡can¡¡be¡¡levied£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡must¡¡be¡¡levied¡¡in¡¡proportion¡¡to¡¡the¡¡representation¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡as¡¡though¡¡our¡¡Chancellor¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Exchequer£»¡¡in¡¡collecting¡¡an¡¡income¡¡tax£»¡¡were¡¡obliged¡¡to¡¡demand¡¡the¡¡same¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡contribution¡¡from¡¡the¡¡town¡¡of¡¡Chester¡¡as¡¡from¡¡the¡¡town¡¡of¡¡Liverpool£»¡¡because¡¡both¡¡Chester¡¡and¡¡Liverpool¡¡return¡¡two¡¡members¡¡to¡¡Parliament¡£¡¡In¡¡fitting¡¡his¡¡tax¡¡to¡¡the¡¡capacity¡¡of¡¡Chester£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡be¡¡forced¡¡to¡¡allow¡¡Liverpool¡¡to¡¡escape¡¡unscathed¡£¡¡¡¡No¡¡skill¡¡in¡¡money¡¡matters¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Treasury¡¡Secretary£»¡¡and¡¡no¡¡aptness¡¡for¡¡finance¡¡on¡¡the¡¡part¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Committee¡¡of¡¡Ways¡¡and¡¡Means£»¡¡can¡¡avail¡¡here¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡Constitution¡¡must¡¡apparently¡¡be¡¡altered¡¡before¡¡any¡¡serviceable¡¡resort¡¡can¡¡be¡¡had¡¡to¡¡direct¡¡taxation¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡yet£»¡¡at¡¡such¡¡an¡¡emergency¡¡as¡¡that¡¡now¡¡existing£»¡¡direct¡¡taxation¡¡would¡¡probably¡¡give¡¡more¡¡ready¡¡assistance¡¡than¡¡can¡¡be¡¡afforded¡¡either¡¡by¡¡the¡¡customs¡¡or¡¡the¡¡excise¡£¡¡It¡¡has¡¡been¡¡stated¡¡to¡¡me¡¡that¡¡this¡¡difficulty¡¡in¡¡the¡¡way¡¡of¡¡direct¡¡taxation¡¡can¡¡be¡¡overcome¡¡without¡¡any¡¡change¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Constitution¡£¡¡Congress¡¡could¡¡only¡¡levy¡¡from¡¡Rhode¡¡Island¡¡the¡¡same¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡income¡¡tax¡¡that¡¡it¡¡might¡¡levy¡¡from¡¡Iowa£»¡¡but¡¡it¡¡will¡¡be¡¡competent¡¡to¡¡the¡¡legislature¡¡of¡¡Rhode¡¡Island¡¡itself¡¡to¡¡levy¡¡what¡¡income¡¡tax¡¡it¡¡may¡¡please¡¡on¡¡itself£»¡¡and¡¡to¡¡devote¡¡the¡¡proceeds¡¡to¡¡National¡¡or¡¡Federal¡¡purposes¡£¡¡¡¡Rhode¡¡Island¡¡may¡¡do¡¡so£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡may¡¡Massachusetts£»¡¡New¡¡York£»¡¡Connecticut£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡other¡¡rich¡¡Atlantic¡¡States¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡may¡¡tax¡¡themselves¡¡according¡¡to¡¡their¡¡riches£»¡¡while¡¡Iowa£»¡¡Illinois£»¡¡Wisconsin£»¡¡and¡¡such¡¡like¡¡States¡¡are¡¡taxing¡¡themselves¡¡according¡¡to¡¡their¡¡poverty¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡myself¡¡think¡¡that¡¡it¡¡would¡¡be¡¡well¡¡to¡¡trust¡¡to¡¡the¡¡generosity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡separate¡¡States¡¡for¡¡the¡¡finances¡¡needed¡¡by¡¡the¡¡national¡¡government¡£¡¡¡¡We¡¡should¡¡not¡¡willingly¡¡trust¡¡to¡¡Yorkshire¡¡or¡¡Sussex¡¡to¡¡give¡¡us¡¡their¡¡contributions¡¡to¡¡the¡¡national¡¡income£»¡¡especially¡¡if¡¡Yorkshire¡¡and¡¡Sussex¡¡had¡¡small¡¡Houses¡¡of¡¡Commons¡¡of¡¡their¡¡own¡¡in¡¡which¡¡that¡¡question¡¡of¡¡giving¡¡might¡¡be¡¡debated¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡may¡¡be¡¡very¡¡well¡¡for¡¡Rhode¡¡Island¡¡or¡¡New¡¡York¡¡to¡¡be¡¡patriotic£¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡what¡¡shall¡¡be¡¡done¡¡with¡¡any¡¡State¡¡that¡¡declines¡¡to¡¡evince¡¡such¡¡patriotism£¿¡¡¡¡The¡¡legislatures¡¡of¡¡the¡¡different¡¡States¡¡may¡¡be¡¡invited¡¡to¡¡impose¡¡a¡¡tax¡¡of¡¡five¡¡per¡¡cent¡£¡¡on¡¡all¡¡incomes¡¡in¡¡each¡¡State£»¡¡but¡¡what¡¡will¡¡be¡¡done¡¡if¡¡Pennsylvania£»¡¡for¡¡instance£»¡¡should¡¡decline£»¡¡or¡¡Illinois¡¡should¡¡hesitate£¿¡¡¡¡What¡¡if¡¡the¡¡legislature¡¡of¡¡Massachusetts¡¡should¡¡offer¡¡six¡¡per¡¡cent¡££»¡¡or¡¡that¡¡of¡¡New¡¡Jersey¡¡decide¡¡that¡¡four¡¡per¡¡cent¡£¡¡was¡¡sufficient£¿¡¡¡¡For¡¡awhile¡¡the¡¡arrangement¡¡might¡¡possibly¡¡be¡¡made¡¡to¡¡answer¡¡the¡¡desired¡¡purpose¡£¡¡¡¡During¡¡the¡¡first¡¡ebullition¡¡of¡¡high¡¡feeling¡¡the¡¡different¡¡States¡¡concerned¡¡might¡¡possibly¡¡vote¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡taxes¡¡required¡¡for¡¡Federal¡¡purposes¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡fear¡¡it¡¡would¡¡not¡¡be¡¡so£»¡¡but¡¡we¡¡may¡¡allow¡¡that¡¡the¡¡chance¡¡is¡¡on¡¡the¡¡card¡£¡¡¡¡But¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡conceivable¡¡that¡¡such¡¡an¡¡arrangement¡¡should¡¡be¡¡continued¡¡when£»¡¡after¡¡a¡¡year¡¡or¡¡two£»¡¡men¡¡came¡¡to¡¡talk¡¡over¡¡the¡¡war¡¡with¡¡calmer¡¡feelings¡¡and¡¡a¡¡more¡¡critical¡¡judgment¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡State¡¡legislatures¡¡would¡¡become¡¡inquisitive£»¡¡opinionative£»¡¡and¡¡probably¡¡factious¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡would¡¡be¡¡unwilling¡¡to¡¡act£»¡¡in¡¡so¡¡great¡¡a¡¡matter£»¡¡under¡¡the¡¡dictation¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Federal¡¡Congress£»¡¡and£»¡¡by¡¡degrees£»¡¡one¡¡and¡¡then¡¡another¡¡would¡¡decline¡¡to¡¡give¡¡its¡¡aid¡¡to¡¡the¡¡central¡¡government¡£¡¡¡¡However¡¡broadly¡¡the¡¡acknowledgment¡¡may¡¡have¡¡been¡¡made¡¡that¡¡the¡¡levying¡¡of¡¡direct¡¡taxes¡¡was¡¡necessary¡¡for¡¡the¡¡nation£»¡¡each¡¡State¡¡would¡¡be¡¡tempted¡¡to¡¡argue¡¡that¡¡a¡¡wrong¡¡mode¡¡and¡¡a¡¡wrong¡¡rate¡¡of¡¡levying¡¡had¡¡been¡¡adopted£»¡¡and¡¡words¡¡would¡¡be¡¡forthcoming¡¡instead¡¡of¡¡money¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡resort¡¡to¡¡such¡¡a¡¡mode¡¡of¡¡taxation¡¡would¡¡be¡¡a¡¡bad¡¡security¡¡for¡¡government¡¡stock¡£¡¡All¡¡matters¡¡of¡¡taxation£»¡¡moreover£»¡¡should¡¡be¡¡free¡¡from¡¡any¡¡taint¡¡of¡¡generosity¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡man¡¡who¡¡should¡¡attempt¡¡to¡¡lessen¡¡the¡¡burdens¡¡of¡¡his¡¡country¡¡by¡¡gifts¡¡of¡¡money¡¡to¡¡its¡¡exchequer¡¡would¡¡be¡¡laying¡¡his¡¡country¡¡under¡¡an¡¡obligation¡¡for¡¡which¡¡his¡¡country¡¡would¡¡not¡¡thank¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡gifts¡¡here¡¡would¡¡be¡¡from¡¡States£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡from¡¡individuals¡¡but¡¡the¡¡principle¡¡would¡¡be¡¡the¡¡same¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡imagine¡¡that¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States¡¡government¡¡would¡¡be¡¡willing¡¡to¡¡owe¡¡its¡¡revenue¡¡to¡¡the¡¡good¡­will¡¡of¡¡different¡¡States£»¡¡or¡¡its¡¡want¡¡of¡¡revenue¡¡to¡¡their¡¡caprice¡£¡¡¡¡If¡¡under¡¡such¡¡an¡¡arrangement¡¡the¡¡Western¡¡States¡¡were¡¡to¡¡decline¡¡to¡¡vote¡¡the¡¡quota¡¡of¡¡income¡¡tax¡¡or¡¡property¡¡tax¡¡to¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Eastern¡¡States¡¡had¡¡agreedand¡¡in¡¡all¡¡probability¡¡they¡¡would¡¡declinethey¡¡would¡¡in¡¡fact¡¡be¡¡seceding¡£¡¡¡¡They¡¡would¡¡thus¡¡secede¡¡from¡¡the¡¡burdens¡¡of¡¡their¡¡general¡¡country£»¡¡but¡¡in¡¡such¡¡event¡¡no¡¡one¡¡could¡¡accuse¡¡such¡¡States¡¡of¡¡unconstitutional¡¡secession¡£¡¡It¡¡is¡¡not¡¡easy¡¡to¡¡ascertain¡¡with¡¡precision¡¡what¡¡is¡¡the¡¡present¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡debt¡¡due¡¡by¡¡the¡¡United¡¡States£»¡¡nor¡¡probably¡¡has¡¡any¡¡tolerably¡¡accurate¡¡guess¡¡been¡¡yet¡¡given¡¡of¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡to¡¡which¡¡it¡¡may¡¡be¡¡extended¡¡during¡¡the¡¡present¡¡war¡£¡¡¡¡A¡¡statement¡¡made¡¡in¡¡the¡¡House¡¡of¡¡Representatives¡¡by¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Spaulding£»¡¡a¡¡member¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Committee¡¡of¡¡Ways¡¡and¡¡Means£»¡¡on¡¡the¡¡29th¡¡of¡¡January¡¡last£»¡¡may¡¡perhaps¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡as¡¡giving¡¡as¡¡trustworthy¡¡information¡¡as¡¡any¡¡that¡¡can¡¡be¡¡obtained¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡have¡¡changed¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Spaulding's¡¡figures¡¡from¡¡dollars¡¡into¡¡pounds£»¡¡that¡¡they¡¡may¡¡be¡¡more¡¡readily¡¡understood¡¡by¡¡English¡¡readers£º

There¡¡was¡¡due¡¡up¡¡to¡¡July¡¡1£»¡¡1861¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡18£»173£»566¡¡pounds¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡added¡¡in¡¡July¡¡and¡¡August¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡5£»379£»357¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡borrowed¡¡in¡¡August¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡borrowed¡¡in¡¡October¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡borrowed¡¡in¡¡November¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡10£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡Treasury¡¡Demand¡¡Notes¡¡issued¡¡¡¡¡¡7£»800£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡61£»352£»923¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨

This¡¡was¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡the¡¡debt¡¡due¡¡up¡¡to¡¡January¡¡15th£»¡¡1862¡£¡¡¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Spaulding¡¡then¡¡calculates¡¡that¡¡the¡¡sum¡¡required¡¡to¡¡carry¡¡on¡¡the¡¡government¡¡up¡¡to¡¡July¡¡1st£»¡¡1862£»¡¡will¡¡be¡¡68£»647£»077l¡£¡¡¡¡And¡¡that¡¡a¡¡further¡¡sum¡¡of¡¡110£»000£»000l¡£¡¡will¡¡be¡¡wanted¡¡on¡¡or¡¡before¡¡the¡¡1st¡¡of¡¡July£»¡¡1863¡£¡¡¡¡Thus¡¡the¡¡debt¡¡at¡¡that¡¡latter¡¡date¡¡would¡¡stand¡¡as¡¡follows£º

Amount¡¡of¡¡debt¡¡up¡¡to¡¡January£»¡¡1862¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡61£»352£»923¡¡pounds¡£¡¡Added¡¡by¡¡July¡¡1st£»¡¡1862¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡68£»647£»077¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡Again¡¡added¡¡by¡¡July¡¡1st£»¡¡1803¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡110£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡­¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡240£»000£»000¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨

The¡¡first¡¡of¡¡these¡¡items¡¡may¡¡no¡¡doubt¡¡be¡¡taken¡¡as¡¡accurate¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡second¡¡has¡¡probably¡¡been¡¡founded¡¡on¡¡facts¡¡which¡¡leave¡¡little¡¡doubt¡¡as¡¡to¡¡its¡¡substantial¡¡truth¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡third£»¡¡which¡¡professes¡¡to¡¡give¡¡the¡¡proposed¡¡expense¡¡of¡¡the¡¡war¡¡for¡¡the¡¡forthcoming¡¡year£»¡¡viz¡££»¡¡from¡¡July¡¡1st£»¡¡1862£»¡¡to¡¡June¡¡30th£»¡¡1863£»¡¡must¡¡necessarily¡¡have¡¡been¡¡obtained¡¡by¡¡a¡¡very¡¡loose¡¡estimate¡£¡¡¡¡No¡¡one¡¡can¡¡say¡¡what¡¡may¡¡be¡¡the¡¡condition¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country¡¡during¡¡the¡¡next¡¡yearwhether¡¡the¡¡war¡¡may¡¡then¡¡be¡¡raging¡¡throughout¡¡the¡¡Southern¡¡States£»¡¡or¡¡whether¡¡the¡¡war¡¡may¡¡not¡¡have¡¡ceased¡¡altogether¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡North¡¡knows¡¡little¡¡or¡¡nothing¡¡of¡¡the¡¡capacity¡¡of¡¡the¡¡South¡£¡¡¡¡How¡¡little¡¡it¡¡knows¡¡may¡¡be¡¡surmised¡¡from¡¡the¡¡fact¡¡that¡¡the¡¡whole¡¡Southern¡¡army¡¡of¡¡Virginia¡¡retreated¡¡from¡¡their¡¡position¡¡at¡¡Manassas¡¡before¡¡the¡¡Northern¡¡generals¡¡knew¡¡that¡¡they¡¡were¡¡moving£»¡¡and¡¡that¡¡when¡¡they¡¡were¡¡gone¡¡no¡¡word¡¡whatever¡¡was¡¡left¡¡of¡¡their¡¡numbers¡£¡¡¡¡I¡¡do¡¡not¡¡believe¡¡that¡¡the¡¡Northern¡¡government¡¡is¡¡even¡¡yet¡¡able¡¡to¡¡make¡¡any¡¡probable¡¡conjecture¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡number¡¡of¡¡troops¡¡which¡¡the¡¡Southern¡¡Confederacy¡¡is¡¡maintaining£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡this¡¡be¡¡so£»¡¡they¡¡can¡¡certainly¡¡make¡¡no¡¡trustworthy¡¡estimates¡¡as¡¡to¡¡their¡¡own¡¡expenses¡¡for¡¡the¡¡ensuing¡¡year¡£¡¡Two¡¡hundred¡¡and¡¡forty¡¡millions¡¡is£»¡¡however£»¡¡the¡¡sum¡¡named¡¡by¡¡a¡¡gentleman¡¡presumed¡¡to¡¡be¡¡conversant¡¡with¡¡the¡¡matter£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡amount¡¡of¡¡debt¡¡which¡¡may¡¡be¡¡expected¡¡by¡¡midsummer£»¡¡1863£»¡¡and¡¡if¡¡the¡¡war¡¡be¡¡continued¡¡till¡¡then£»¡¡it¡¡will¡¡probably¡¡be¡¡found¡¡that¡¡he¡¡has¡¡not¡¡exceeded¡¡the¡¡mark¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡right£»¡¡however£»¡¡to¡¡state¡¡that¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Chase¡¡in¡¡his¡¡estimate¡¡does¡¡not¡¡rate¡¡the¡¡figures¡¡so¡¡high¡£¡¡¡¡He¡¡has¡¡given¡¡it¡¡as¡¡his¡¡opinion¡¡that¡¡the¡¡debt¡¡will¡¡be¡¡about¡¡one¡¡hundred¡¡and¡¡four¡¡millions¡¡in¡¡July£»¡¡1862£»¡¡and¡¡one¡¡hundred¡¡and¡¡eighty¡¡millions¡¡in¡¡July£»¡¡1863¡£¡¡¡¡As¡¡to¡¡the¡¡first¡¡amount£»¡¡with¡¡reference¡¡to¡¡which¡¡a¡¡tolerably¡¡accurate¡¡calculation¡¡may¡¡probably¡¡be¡¡made£»¡¡I¡¡am¡¡inclined¡¡to¡¡prefer¡¡the¡¡estimate¡¡as¡¡given¡¡by¡¡the¡¡member¡¡of¡¡the¡¡committee£»¡¡and¡¡as¡¡to¡¡the¡¡other£»¡¡which¡¡hardly£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡think£»¡¡admits¡¡of¡¡any¡¡calculation£»¡¡his¡¡calculation¡¡is¡¡at¡¡any¡¡rate¡¡as¡¡good¡¡as¡¡that¡¡made¡¡in¡¡the¡¡Treasury¡£¡¡But¡¡it¡¡is¡¡the¡¡immediate¡¡want¡¡of¡¡funds£»¡¡and¡¡not¡¡the¡¡prospective¡¡debt¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country£»¡¡which¡¡is¡¡now¡¡doing¡¡the¡¡damage¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡this¡¡opinion¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Chase¡¡will¡¡probably¡¡agree¡¡with¡¡me£»¡¡but¡¡readers¡¡on¡¡this¡¡side¡¡of¡¡the¡¡water¡¡will¡¡receive¡¡what¡¡I¡¡say¡¡with¡¡a¡¡smile¡£¡¡¡¡Such¡¡a¡¡state¡¡of¡¡affairs¡¡is¡¡certainly¡¡one¡¡that¡¡has¡¡not¡¡uncommonly¡¡been¡¡reached¡¡by¡¡financiers£»¡¡it¡¡has¡¡also¡¡often¡¡been¡¡experienced¡¡by¡¡gentlemen¡¡in¡¡the¡¡management¡¡of¡¡their¡¡private¡¡affairs¡£¡¡¡¡It¡¡has¡¡been¡¡common¡¡in¡¡Ireland£»¡¡and¡¡in¡¡London¡¡has¡¡created¡¡the¡¡wealth¡¡of¡¡the¡¡pawnbrokers¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡the¡¡States¡¡at¡¡the¡¡present¡¡time¡¡the¡¡government¡¡is¡¡very¡¡much¡¡in¡¡this¡¡condition¡£¡¡¡¡The¡¡prospective¡¡wealth¡¡of¡¡the¡¡country¡¡is¡¡almost¡¡unbounded£»¡¡but¡¡there¡¡is¡¡great¡¡difficulty¡¡in¡¡persuading¡¡any¡¡pawnbroker¡¡to¡¡advance¡¡money¡¡on¡¡the¡¡pledge¡£¡¡¡¡In¡¡February¡¡last¡¡Mr¡£¡¡Chase¡¡was¡¡driven¡¡to¡¡obtain¡¡the¡¡sanction¡¡of¡¡the¡¡legislature¡¡for¡¡paying¡¡the¡¡national¡¡creditors¡¡by¡¡bills¡¡drawn¡¡at¡¡twelve¡¡months'¡¡date£»¡¡and¡¡b
·µ»ØĿ¼ ÉÏÒ»Ò³ ÏÂÒ»Ò³ »Øµ½¶¥²¿ ÔÞ£¨0£© ²È£¨0£©
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·­Ò³ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿!
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԭ´´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾­Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡