the writings-6-第38部分

快捷操作: 按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页 按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页 按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部! 如果本书没有阅读完，想下次继续接着阅读，可使用上方 "收藏到我的浏览器" 功能 和 "加入书签" 功能！


plenipotentiary　of　that；　republic。　　On　the　30th　day　of　August；　1849；

Senor　Don　Rafael　Rivas　was　received　by　this　government　as　charge

d'affaires　of　the　same　republic。　On　the　5th　day　of　December；　1851；　a

consular　convention　was　concluded　between　that　republic　and　the

United　States；　which　treaty　was　signed　on　behalf　of　the　Republic　of

Granada　by　the　same　Senor　Rivas。　　This　treaty　is　still　in　force。　　On

the　27th　of　April；　1852；　Senor　Don　Victoriano　de　Diego　Paredes　was

received　as　charge　d'affaires　of　the　Republic　of　New　Granada。　　On　the

20th　of　June；　1855；　General　Pedro　Alcantara　Herran　was　again　received

as　envoy　extraordinary　and　minister　plenipotentiary；　duly　accredited

by　the　Republic　of　New　Granada；　and　he　has　ever　since　remained；　under

the　same　credentials；　as　the　representative　of　that　republic　near　the

Government　of　the　United　States。　　On　the　10th　of　September；　1857；　a

claims　convention　was　concluded　between　the　United　States　and　the

Republic　of　Granada。　　This　convention　is　still　in　force；　and　has　in

part　been　executed。　　In　May；　1858；　the　constitution　of　the　republic

was　remodelled；　and　the　nation　assumed　the　political　title　of　〃The

Granadian　Confederacy。〃　　This　fact　was　formally　announced　to　this

Government；　but　without　any　change　in　their　representative　here。

Previously　to　the　4th　day　of　March；　1861；　a　revolutionary　war　against

the　Republic　of　New　Granada；　which　had　thus　been　recognized　and

treated　with　by　the　United　States；　broke　out　in　New　Granada；　assuming

to　set　up　a　new　government　under　the　name　of　〃United　States　of

Colombia。〃　　This　war　has　had　various　vicissitudes；　sometimes

favorable；　sometimes　adverse；　to　the　revolutionary　movements。　　The

revolutionary　organization　has　hitherto　been　simply　a　military

provisionary　power；　and　no　definitive　constitution　of　government　has

yet　been　established　in　New　Granada　in　place　of　that　organized　by　the

constitution　of　1858。　　The　minister　of　the　United　States　to　the

Granadian　Confederacy；　who　was　appointed　on　the　29th　day　of　May；

1861；　was　directed；　in　view　of　the　occupation　of　the　capital　by　the

revolutionary　party　and　of　the　uncertainty　of　the　civil　war；　not　to

present　his　credentials　to　either　the　government　of　the　Granadian

Confederacy　or　to　the　provisional　military　government；　but　to　conduct

his　affairs　informally；　as　is　customary　in　such　cases；　and　to　report

the　progress　of　events　and　await　the　instructions　of　this　Government。

The　advices　which　have　been　received　from　him　have　not　hitherto；　been

sufficiently　conclusive　to　determine　me　to　recognize　the

revolutionary　government。　　General　Herran　being　here；　with　full

authority　from　the　Government　of　New　Canada；　which　has　been　so　long

recognized　by　the　United　States；　I　have　not　received　any

representative　from　the　revolutionary　government；　which　has　not　yet

been　recognized；　because　such　a　proceeding　would　be　in　itself　an　act

of　recognition。



Official　communications　have　been　had　on　various　incidental　and

occasional　questions　with　General　Herran　as　the　minister

plenipotentiary　and　envoy　extraordinary　of　the　Granadian　Confederacy；

but　in　no　other　character。　No　definitive　measure　or　proceeding　has

resulted　from　these　communications；　and　a　communication　of　them　at

present　would　not；　in　my　judgment；　be　compatible　with　the　public

interest。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









TO　SECRETARY　OF　WAR。



WASHINGTON；　January　15；　1863。



SECRETARY　OF　WAR：



Please　see　Mr。　Stafford；　who　wants　to　assist　in　raising　colored

troops　in　Missouri。



A。　LINCOLN。









PRINTING　MONEY



MESSAGE　TO　CONGRESS。



January　17；　1863。



TO　THE　SENATE　AND　HOUSE　OF　REPRESENTATIVES：



I　have　signed　the　joint　resolution　to　provide　for　the　immediate

payment　of　the　army　and　navy　of　the　United　States；　passed　by　the

House　of　Representatives　on　the　14th　and　by　the　Senate　on　the　15th

instant。



The　joint　resolution　is　a　simple　authority；　amounting；　however；　under

existing　circumstances；　to　a　direction；　to　the　Secretary　of　the

Treasury　to　make　an　additional　issue　of　100；000；000　in　United　States

notes；　if　so　much　money　is　needed；　for　the　payment　of　the　army　and

navy。



My　approval　is　given　in　order　that　every　possible　facility　may　be

afforded　for　the　prompt　discharge　of　all　arrears　of　pay　due　to　our

soldiers　and　our　sailors。



While　giving　this　approval；　however；　I　think　it　my　duty　to　express　my

sincere　regret　that　it　has　been　found　necessary　to　authorize　so　large

an　additional　issue　of　United　States　notes；　when　this　circulation　and

that　of　the　suspended　banks　together　have　become　already　so　redundant

as　to　increase　prices　beyond　real　values；　thereby　augmenting　the　cost

of　living　to　the　injury　of　labor；　and　the　cost　of　supplies　to　the

injury　of　the　whole　country。



It　seems　very　plain　that　continued　issues　of　United　States　notes

without　any　check　to　the　issues　of　suspended　banks；　and　without

adequate　provision　for　the　raising　of　money　by　loans　and　for　funding

the　issues　so　as　to　keep　them　within　due　limits；　must　soon　produce

disastrous　consequences；　and　this　matter　appears　to　me　so　important

that　I　feel　bound　to　avail　myself　of　this　occasion　to　ask　the　special

attention　of　Congress　to　it。



That　Congress　has　power　to　regulate　the　currency　of　the　country　can

hardly　admit　of　doubt；　and　that　a　judicious　measure　to　prevent　the

deterioration　of　this　currency；　by　a　seasonable　taxation　of　bank

circulation　or　otherwise；　is　needed　seems　equally　clear。

Independently　of　this　general　consideration；　it　would　be　unjust　to

the　people　at　large　to　exempt　banks　enjoying　the　special　privilege　of

circulation　from　their　just　proportion　of　the　public　burdens。



In　order　to　raise　money　by　way　of　loans　most　easily　and　cheaply；　it

is　clearly　necessary　to　give　every　possible　support　to　the　public

credit。　　To　that　end　a　uniform　currency；　in　which　taxes；

subscriptions　to　loans；　and　all　other　ordinary　public　dues　as　well　as

all　private　dues　may　be　paid；　is　almost　if　not　quite　indispensable。

Such　a　currency　can　be　furnished　by　banking　associations　organized

under　a　general　act　of　Congress；　as　suggested　in　my　message　at　the

beginning　of　the　present　session。　　The　securing　of　this　circulation

by　the　pledge　of　United　States　bonds；　as　therein　suggested；　would

still　further　facilitate　loans；　by　increasing　the　present　and　causing

a　future　demand　for　such　bonds。



In　view　of　the　actual　financial　embarrassments　of　the　government；　and

of　the　greater　embarrassment　sure　to　come　if　the　necessary　means　of

relief　be　not　afforded；　I　feel　that　I　should　not　perform　my　duty　by　a

simple　announcement　of　my　approval　of　the　joint　resolution；　which

proposes　relief　only　by　increased　circulation；　without　expressing　my

earnest　desire　that　measures　such　in　substance　as　those　I　have　just

referred　to　may　receive　the　early　sanction　of　Congress。　　By　such

measures；　in　my　opinion；　will　payment　be　most　certainly　secured；　not

only　to　the　army　and　navy；　but　to　all　honest　creditors　of　the

government；　and　satisfactory　provision　made　for　future　demands　on　the

treasury。



ABRAHAM　LINCOLN。









TO　THE　WORKING…MEN　OF　MANCHESTER；　ENGLAND。



EXECUTIVE　MANSION；　WASHINGTON；

January；　1863。



TO　THE　WORKING…MEN　OF　MANCHESTER：



I　have　the　honor　to　acknowledge　the　receipt　of　the　address　and

resolutions　which　you　sent　me　on　the　eve　of　the　new　year。　　When　I

came；　on　the　4th　of　March；　1861；　through　a　free　and　constitutional

election　to　fireside　in　the　Government　of　the　United　States；　the

country　was　found　at　the　verge　of　civil　war。　　Whatever　might　have

been　the　cause；　or　whosesoever　the　fault；　one　duty；　paramount　to　all

others；　was　before　me；　namely；　to　maintain　and　preserve　at　once　the

Constitution　and　the　integrity　of　the　Federal　Republic。

A　conscientious　purpose　to　perform　this　duty　is　the　key　to　all　the

measures　of　administration　which　have　been　and　to　all　which　will

hereafter　be　pursued。　　Under　our　frame　of　government　and　my　official

oath；　I　could　not　depart　from　this　purpose　if　I　would。　　It　is　not

always　in　the　power　of　governments　to　enlarge　or　restrict　the　scope

of　moral　results　which　follow　the　policies　that　they　may　deem　it

necessary　for　the　public　safety　from　time　to　time　to　adopt。



I　have　understood　well　that　the　duty　of　self…preservation　rests

solely　with　the　American　people；　but　I　have　at　the　same　time　been

aware　that　favor　or　disfavor　of　foreign　nations　might　have　a　material

influence　in　enlarging　or　prolonging　the　struggle　with　disloyal　men

in　which　the　country　is　engaged。　　A　fair　examination　of　history　has

served　to　authorize　a　belief　that　the　past　actions　and　influences　of

the　United　States　were　generally　regarded　as　having　been　beneficial

toward　mankind。　　I　have；　therefore；　reckoned　upon　the　forbearance　of

nations。　　Circumstancesto　some　of　which　you　kindly　alludeinduce

me　especially　to　expect　that　if　justice　and　good　faith　should　be

practised　by