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a footnote to history-第12部分
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correct it by extraneous testimony。 It is not so much the facts
that are historical; as the man's attitude。 No one could hear this
tale as he originally told it in my hearing … I think none can read
it as here condensed and unadorned … without admiring the fairness
and simplicity of the Samoan; and wondering at the want of heart …
or want of humour … in so many successive civilised Germans; that
they should have continued to surround this infant with the secrecy
of state。
CHAPTER IV … BRANDEIS
SEPTEMBER '87 TO AUGUST '88
SO Tamasese was on the throne; and Brandeis behind it; and I have
now to deal with their brief and luckless reign。 That it was the
reign of Brandeis needs not to be argued: the policy is throughout
that of an able; over…hasty white; with eyes and ideas。 But it
should be borne in mind that he had a double task; and must first
lead his sovereign; before he could begin to drive their common
subjects。 Meanwhile; he himself was exposed (if all tales be true)
to much dictation and interference; and to some 〃cumbrous aid;〃
from the consulate and the firm。 And to one of these aids; the
suppression of the municipality; I am inclined to attribute his
ultimate failure。
The white enemies of the new regimen were of two classes。 In the
first stood Moors and the employes of MacArthur; the two chief
rivals of the firm; who saw with jealousy a clerk (or a so…called
clerk) of their competitors advanced to the chief power。 The
second class; that of the officials; numbered at first exactly one。
Wilson; the English acting consul; is understood to have held
strict orders to help Germany。 Commander Leary; of the ADAMS; the
American captain; when he arrived; on the 16th October; and for
some time after; seemed devoted to the German interest; and spent
his days with a German officer; Captain Von Widersheim; who was
deservedly beloved by all who knew him。 There remains the American
consul…general; Harold Marsh Sewall; a young man of high spirit and
a generous disposition。 He had obeyed the orders of his government
with a grudge; and looked back on his past action with regret
almost to be called repentance。 From the moment of the declaration
of war against Laupepa; we find him standing forth in bold;
consistent; and sometimes rather captious opposition; stirring up
his government at home with clear and forcible despatches; and on
the spot grasping at every opportunity to thrust a stick into the
German wheels。 For some while; he and Moors fought their difficult
battle in conjunction; in the course of which; first one; and then
the other; paid a visit home to reason with the authorities at
Washington; and during the consul's absence; there was found an
American clerk in Apia; William Blacklock; to perform the duties of
the office with remarkable ability and courage。 The three names
just brought together; Sewall; Moors; and Blacklock; make the head
and front of the opposition; if Tamasese fell; if Brandeis was
driven forth; if the treaty of Berlin was signed; theirs is the
blame or the credit。
To understand the feelings of self…reproach and bitterness with
which Sewall took the field; the reader must see Laupepa's letter
of farewell to the consuls of England and America。 It is singular
that this far from brilliant or dignified monarch; writing in the
forest; in heaviness of spirit and under pressure for time; should
have left behind him not only one; but two remarkable and most
effective documents。 The farewell to his people was touching; the
farewell to the consuls; for a man of the character of Sewall; must
have cut like a whip。 〃When the chief Tamasese and others first
moved the present troubles;〃 he wrote; 〃it was my wish to punish
them and put an end to the rebellion; but I yielded to the advice
of the British and American consuls。 Assistance and protection was
repeatedly promised to me and my government; if I abstained from
bringing war upon my country。 Relying upon these promises; I did
not put down the rebellion。 Now I find that war has been made upon
me by the Emperor of Germany; and Tamasese has been proclaimed king
of Samoa。 I desire to remind you of the promises so frequently
made by your government; and trust that you will so far redeem them
as to cause the lives and liberties of my chiefs and people to be
respected。〃
Sewall's immediate adversary was; of course; Becker。 I have formed
an opinion of this gentleman; largely from his printed despatches;
which I am at a loss to put in words。 Astute; ingenious; capable;
at moments almost witty with a kind of glacial wit in action; he
displayed in the course of this affair every description of
capacity but that which is alone useful and which springs from a
knowledge of men's natures。 It chanced that one of Sewall's early
moves played into his hands; and he was swift to seize and to
improve the advantage。 The neutral territory and the tripartite
municipality of Apia were eyesores to the German consulate and
Brandeis。 By landing Tamasese's two or three hundred warriors at
Mulinuu; as Becker himself owns; they had infringed the treaties;
and Sewall entered protest twice。 There were two ways of escaping
this dilemma: one was to withdraw the warriors; the other; by some
hocus…pocus; to abrogate the neutrality。 And the second had
subsidiary advantages: it would restore the taxes of the richest
district in the islands to the Samoan king; and it would enable
them to substitute over the royal seat the flag of Germany for the
new flag of Tamasese。 It is true (and it was the subject of much
remark) that these two could hardly be distinguished by the naked
eye; but their effects were different。 To seat the puppet king on
German land and under German colours; so that any rebellion was
constructive war on Germany; was a trick apparently invented by
Becker; and which we shall find was repeated and persevered in till
the end。
Otto Martin was at this time magistrate in the municipality。 The
post was held in turn by the three nationalities; Martin had served
far beyond his term; and should have been succeeded months before
by an American。 To make the change it was necessary to hold a
meeting of the municipal board; consisting of the three consuls;
each backed by an assessor。 And for some time these meetings had
been evaded or refused by the German consul。 As long as it was
agreed to continue Martin; Becker had attended regularly; as soon
as Sewall indicated a wish for his removal; Becker tacitly
suspended the municipality by refusing to appear。 This policy was
now the more necessary; for if the whole existence of the
municipality were a check on the freedom of the new government; it
was plainly less so when the power to enforce and punish lay in
German hands。 For some while back the Malietoa flag had been flown
on the municipal building: Becker denies this; I am sorry; my
information obliges me to suppose he is in error。 Sewall; with
post…mortem loyalty to the past; insisted that this flag should be
continued。 And Becker immediately made his point。 He declared;
justly enough; that the proposal was hostile; and argued that it
was impossible he should attend a meeting under a flag with which
his sovereign was at war。 Upon one occasion of urgency; he was
invited to meet the two other consuls at the British consulate;
even this he refused; and for four months the municipality
slumbered; Martin still in office。 In the month of October; in
consequence; the British and American ratepayers announced they
would refuse to pay。 Becker doubtless rubbed his hands。 On
Saturday; the 10th; the chief Tamaseu; a Malietoa man of substance
and good character; was arrested on a charge of theft believed to
be vexatious; and cast by Martin into the municipal prison。 He
sent to Moors; who was his tenant and owed him money at the time;
for bail。 Moors applied to Sewall; ranking consul。 After some
search; Martin was found and refused to consider bail before the
Monday morning。 Whereupon Sewall demanded the keys from the
gaoler; accepted Moors's verbal recognisances; and set Tamaseu
free。
Things were now at a deadlock; and Becker astonished every one by
agreeing to a meeting on the 14th。 It seems he knew what to
expect。 Writing on the 13th at least; he prophesies that the
meeting will be held in vain; that the municipality must lapse; and
the government of Tamasese step in。 On the 14th; Sewall left his
consulate in time; and walked some part of the way to the place of
meeting in company with Wilson; the English pro…consul。 But he had
forgotten a paper; and in an evil hour returned for it alone。
Wilson arrived without him; and Becker broke up the meeting for
want of a quorum。 There was some unedifyin
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