ÓÑÇéÌáʾ£ºÈç¹û±¾ÍøÒ³´ò¿ªÌ«Âý»òÏÔʾ²»ÍêÕû£¬Çë³¢ÊÔÊó±êÓÒ¼ü¡°Ë¢Ð¡±±¾ÍøÒ³£¡
alexandria and her schools(ÑÇÀúɽ´óºÍËýµÄѧУ)-µÚ11²¿·Ö
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿! Èç¹û±¾ÊéûÓÐÔĶÁÍ꣬ÏëÏ´μÌÐø½Ó×ÅÔĶÁ£¬¿ÉʹÓÃÉÏ·½ "Êղص½ÎÒµÄä¯ÀÀÆ÷" ¹¦ÄÜ ºÍ "¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©" ¹¦ÄÜ£¡
corrections¡¡we¡¡owe£»¡¡I¡¡suppose£»¡¡the¡¡texts¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Greek¡¡poets¡¡as¡¡they¡¡now¡¡
stand¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡They¡¡seem¡¡to¡¡have¡¡set¡¡to¡¡work¡¡at¡¡their¡¡task¡¡methodically¡¡enough£»¡¡
under¡¡the¡¡direction¡¡of¡¡their¡¡most¡¡literary¡¡monarch£»¡¡Ptolemy¡¡Philadelphus¡£¡¡
Alexander¡¡the¡¡AEtolian¡¡collected¡¡and¡¡revised¡¡the¡¡tragedies£»¡¡Lycophron¡¡the¡¡
comedies£»¡¡Zenodotus¡¡the¡¡poems¡¡of¡¡Homer£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡other¡¡poets¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Epic¡¡
cycle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡now¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡lost¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Whether¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Homer¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡prospered¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡under¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
expungings£»¡¡¡¡¡¡alterations£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡transpositionswhether£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡fact£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡
treat¡¡Homer¡¡very¡¡much¡¡as¡¡Bentley¡¡wanted¡¡to¡¡treat¡¡Milton£»¡¡is¡¡a¡¡suspicion¡¡
which¡¡one¡¡has¡¡a¡¡right¡¡to¡¡entertain£»¡¡though¡¡it¡¡is¡¡long¡¡past¡¡the¡¡possibility¡¡of¡¡
proof¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡may£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡critical¡¡¡¡¡¡business¡¡¡¡¡¡grew¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡prospered¡£¡¡
Aristophanes¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Byzantium¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wrote¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡glossaries¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡grammars£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡collected¡¡
editions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Plato¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Aristotle£»¡¡¡¡¡¡aesthetic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡disquisitions¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡Homerone¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡33¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡34¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ALEXANDRIA¡¡AND¡¡HER¡¡SCHOOLS¡¡
wishes¡¡they¡¡were¡¡preserved£»¡¡for¡¡the¡¡sake¡¡of¡¡the¡¡jest£»¡¡that¡¡one¡¡might¡¡have¡¡
seen¡¡an¡¡Alexandrian¡¡cockney's¡¡views¡¡of¡¡Achilles¡¡and¡¡Ulysses£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Moreover£»¡¡
in¡¡a¡¡hapless¡¡moment£»¡¡at¡¡least¡¡for¡¡us¡¡moderns£»¡¡he¡¡invented¡¡Greek¡¡accents£»¡¡
thereby£»¡¡I¡¡fear£»¡¡so¡¡complicating¡¡and¡¡confusing¡¡our¡¡notions¡¡of¡¡Greek¡¡rhythm£»¡¡
that¡¡we¡¡shall¡¡never£»¡¡to¡¡the¡¡end¡¡of¡¡time£»¡¡be¡¡able¡¡to¡¡guess¡¡what¡¡any¡¡Greek¡¡
verse£»¡¡saving¡¡the¡¡old¡¡Homeric¡¡Hexameter£»¡¡sounded¡¡like¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡After¡¡a¡¡while£»¡¡
too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡pedants£»¡¡¡¡¡¡according¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡wont£»¡¡¡¡¡¡began¡¡¡¡¡¡quarrelling¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡
accents¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡their¡¡¡¡¡¡recessions¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Moreover£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡there¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡rival¡¡¡¡¡¡school¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡
Pergamus¡¡where¡¡the¡¡fame¡¡of¡¡Crates¡¡all¡¡but¡¡equalled¡¡the¡¡Egyptian¡¡fame¡¡of¡¡
Aristarchus¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Insolent£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡¡¡¡¡right¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡Asiatic¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡know¡¡¡¡¡¡anything£¿¡¡
So¡¡Aristarchus¡¡¡¡¡¡flew¡¡¡¡¡¡furiously¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡Crates£»¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡plain¡¡¡¡¡¡common¡¡
sense£»¡¡who¡¡felt¡¡a¡¡correct¡¡reading¡¡a¡¡far¡¡more¡¡important¡¡thing¡¡than¡¡any¡¡of¡¡
Crates's¡¡¡¡¡¡illustrations£»¡¡¡¡¡¡aesthetic£»¡¡¡¡¡¡historical£»¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡mythological£»¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡preference¡¡
not¡¡¡¡¡¡yet¡¡¡¡¡¡quite¡¡¡¡¡¡extinct£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡one£»¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡least£»¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡Universities¡£¡¡¡¨Sir£»¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
clever¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Cambridge¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Tutor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡philosophically¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inclined¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡freshman£»¡¡
¡¨remember£»¡¡that¡¡our¡¡business¡¡is¡¡to¡¡translate¡¡Plato¡¡correctly£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡discover¡¡
his¡¡meaning¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And£»¡¡¡¡paradoxical¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡may¡¡¡¡seem£»¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡right¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡us¡¡
first¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡accuracy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡merest¡¡¡¡¡¡mechanical¡¡¡¡¡¡accuracy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡every¡¡¡¡¡¡branch¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
knowledge¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡us¡¡know¡¡what¡¡the¡¡thing¡¡is¡¡which¡¡we¡¡are¡¡looking¡¡at¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡
us¡¡know¡¡the¡¡exact¡¡words¡¡an¡¡author¡¡uses¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Let¡¡us¡¡get¡¡at¡¡the¡¡exact¡¡value¡¡of¡¡
each¡¡¡¡¡¡word¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡severe¡¡¡¡¡¡induction¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡Buttmann¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡
Germans¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡set¡¡¡¡¡¡such¡¡¡¡¡¡noble¡¡¡¡¡¡examples£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡then£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡till¡¡¡¡¡¡then£»¡¡¡¡¡¡we¡¡
may¡¡¡¡¡¡begin¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡talk¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡philosophy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡aesthetics£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rest¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Very¡¡
Probably¡¡Aristarchus¡¡was¡¡right¡¡in¡¡his¡¡dislike¡¡of¡¡Crates's¡¡preference¡¡of¡¡what¡¡
he¡¡called¡¡criticism£»¡¡to¡¡grammar¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Very¡¡probably¡¡he¡¡connected¡¡it¡¡with¡¡the¡¡
other¡¡¡¡¡¡object¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡especial¡¡¡¡¡¡hatred£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡fashion¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡interpreting¡¡¡¡¡¡Homer¡¡
allegorically£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡springing¡¡¡¡¡¡up¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡time£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡afterwards¡¡
under¡¡the¡¡Neoplatonists¡¡rose¡¡to¡¡a¡¡frantic¡¡height£»¡¡and¡¡helped¡¡to¡¡destroy¡¡in¡¡
them£»¡¡not¡¡only¡¡their¡¡power¡¡of¡¡sound¡¡judgment£»¡¡and¡¡of¡¡asking¡¡each¡¡thing¡¡
patiently¡¡what¡¡it¡¡was£»¡¡but¡¡also¡¡any¡¡real¡¡reverence¡¡for£»¡¡or¡¡understanding¡¡of£»¡¡
the¡¡very¡¡authors¡¡over¡¡whom¡¡they¡¡declaimed¡¡and¡¡sentimentalised¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Yesthe¡¡Cambridge¡¡Tutor¡¡was¡¡right¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Before¡¡you¡¡can¡¡tell¡¡what¡¡a¡¡man¡¡
means£»¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡patience¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡find¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡what¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡says¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡So¡¡¡¡¡¡far¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡
wishing¡¡our¡¡grammatical¡¡and¡¡philological¡¡education¡¡to¡¡be¡¡less¡¡severe¡¡than¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡34¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡35¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ALEXANDRIA¡¡AND¡¡HER¡¡SCHOOLS¡¡
it¡¡is£»¡¡I¡¡think¡¡it¡¡is¡¡not¡¡severe¡¡enough¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡an¡¡age¡¡like¡¡thisan¡¡age¡¡of¡¡lectures£»¡¡
and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡popular¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡literature£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡self¡culture£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡too¡¡¡¡¡¡often¡¡¡¡¡¡random¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
capricious£»¡¡however¡¡earnest£»¡¡we¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡too¡¡careful¡¡in¡¡asking¡¡ourselves£»¡¡
in¡¡compelling¡¡others¡¡to¡¡ask¡¡themselves£»¡¡the¡¡meaning¡¡of¡¡every¡¡word¡¡which¡¡
they¡¡use£»¡¡of¡¡every¡¡word¡¡which¡¡they¡¡read£»¡¡in¡¡assuring¡¡them£»¡¡whether¡¡they¡¡
will¡¡believe¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡not£»¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡moral£»¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡well¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡intellectual¡¡culture£»¡¡
acquired¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡translating¡¡¡¡¡¡accurately¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡dialogue¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Plato£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡making¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡
thoroughly¡¡the¡¡sense¡¡of¡¡one¡¡chapter¡¡of¡¡a¡¡standard¡¡author£»¡¡is¡¡greater¡¡than¡¡
they¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡will¡¡¡¡¡¡get¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡skimming¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡whole¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡folios¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡Schlegelian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡aesthetics£»¡¡
resumes£»¡¡histories¡¡of¡¡philosophy£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡like¡¡second¡hand¡¡information£»¡¡or¡¡
attending¡¡seven¡¡lectures¡¡a¡week¡¡till¡¡their¡¡lives'¡¡end¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡is¡¡better¡¡to¡¡know¡¡
one¡¡thing£»¡¡than¡¡to¡¡know¡¡about¡¡ten¡¡thousand¡¡things¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡cannot¡¡help¡¡feeling¡¡
painfully£»¡¡after¡¡reading¡¡those¡¡most¡¡interesting¡¡Memoirs¡¡of¡¡Margaret¡¡Fuller¡¡
Ossoli£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡especial¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡danger¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡this¡¡¡¡time¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡intellectual¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡sciolism£»¡¡
vagueness£»¡¡¡¡¡¡sentimental¡¡¡¡¡¡eclecticismand¡¡¡¡¡¡feeling£»¡¡¡¡¡¡too£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡Socrates¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡
believed£»¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡intellectual¡¡¡¡¡¡vagueness¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡shallowness£»¡¡¡¡¡¡however¡¡¡¡¡¡glib£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
grand£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡eloquent¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡seem£»¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡inevitably¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡parent¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡moral¡¡
vagueness¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡shallowness£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡leave¡¡¡¡¡¡our¡¡¡¡¡¡age¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡left¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡later¡¡
Greeks£»¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡absolute¡¡¡¡¡¡standard¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡right¡¡¡¡¡¡or¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡truth£»¡¡¡¡¡¡till¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡tries¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
escape¡¡from¡¡its¡¡own¡¡scepticism£»¡¡as¡¡the¡¡later¡¡Neoplatonists¡¡did£»¡¡by¡¡plunging¡¡
desperately¡¡into¡¡any¡¡fetish¡worshipping¡¡superstition¡¡which¡¡holds¡¡out¡¡to¡¡its¡¡
wearied¡¡and¡¡yet¡¡impatient¡¡intellect£»¡¡the¡¡bait¡¡of¡¡decisions¡¡already¡¡made¡¡for¡¡
it£»¡¡of¡¡objects¡¡of¡¡admiration¡¡already¡¡formed¡¡and¡¡systematised¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡let¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡honour¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡grammarian¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡place£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡among¡¡
others£»¡¡these¡¡old¡¡grammarians¡¡of¡¡Alexandria£»¡¡only¡¡being¡¡sure¡¡that¡¡as¡¡soon¡¡
as¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡begins£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡did£»¡¡¡¡¡¡displaying¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡peacock¡fashion£»¡¡
boasting¡¡of¡¡his¡¡science¡¡as¡¡the¡¡great¡¡pursuit¡¡of¡¡humanity£»¡¡and¡¡insulting¡¡his¡¡
fellow¡¡¡¡¡¡¡craftsmen£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡becomes£»¡¡¡¡¡¡ipso¡¡¡¡¡¡facto£»¡¡¡¡¡¡unable¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡discover¡¡¡¡¡¡any¡¡¡¡¡¡more¡¡
truth¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡us£»¡¡¡¡having¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡put¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡habit¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡mind¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡induction¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡
impossible£»¡¡and¡¡is¡¡thenceforth¡¡to¡¡be¡¡passed¡¡by¡¡with¡¡a¡¡kindly¡¡but¡¡a¡¡pitying¡¡
smile¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡so£»¡¡indeed£»¡¡it¡¡happened¡¡with¡¡these¡¡quarrelsome¡¡Alexandrian¡¡
grammarians£»¡¡as¡¡it¡¡did¡¡with¡¡the¡¡Casaubons¡¡and¡¡Scaligers¡¡and¡¡Daciers¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
the¡¡last¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡centuries¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡soon¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡began¡¡¡¡¡¡quarrelling¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡lost¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
power¡¡of¡¡discovering¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡want¡¡of¡¡the¡¡inductive¡¡faculty¡¡in¡¡their¡¡attempts¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡35¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡36¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ALEXANDRIA¡¡AND¡¡HER¡¡SCHOOLS¡¡
at¡¡philology¡¡is¡¡utterly¡¡ludicrous¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Most¡¡of¡¡their¡¡derivations¡¡of¡¡words¡¡are¡¡
about¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡par¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡Jacob¡¡¡¡¡¡Bohmen's¡¡¡¡¡¡etymology¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡sulphur£»¡¡¡¡¡¡wherein¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡
makes¡¡sul£»¡¡if¡¡I¡¡recollect¡¡right£»¡¡signify¡¡some¡¡active¡¡principle¡¡of¡¡combustion£»¡¡
and¡¡phur¡¡the¡¡passive¡¡one¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡It¡¡was¡¡left¡¡for¡¡more¡¡patient¡¡and¡¡less¡¡noisy¡¡men£»¡¡
like¡¡¡¡¡¡Grimm£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Bopp£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡Buttmann£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡found¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡science¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡philology£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡
discover¡¡¡¡¡¡for¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡laws¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡connect¡¡¡¡¡¡modern¡¡¡¡¡¡philology¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡
history£»¡¡¡¡¡¡ethnology£»¡¡¡¡¡¡physiology£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡very¡¡¡¡¡¡deepest¡¡¡¡¡¡questions¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
theology¡¡¡¡¡¡itself¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡meanwhile£»¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡Alexandrians'¡¡¡¡¡¡worthless¡¡
criticism¡¡has¡¡been¡¡utterly¡¡swept¡¡away£»¡¡while¡¡their¡¡real¡¡work£»¡¡their¡¡accurate¡¡
editions¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡classics£»¡¡¡¡¡¡remain¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡us¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡precious¡¡¡¡¡¡heritage¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡So¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡
throughout¡¡history£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡dies¡¡which¡¡is¡¡worthy¡¡to¡¡live¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡wheat¡¡is¡¡
surely¡¡¡¡gathered¡¡¡¡¡¡into¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡garner£»¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡chaff¡¡¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡burnt¡¡up¡¡by¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡eternal¡¡¡¡¡¡fire¡¡
which£»¡¡happily¡¡for¡¡this¡¡universe£»¡¡cannot¡¡be¡¡quenched¡¡by¡¡any¡¡art¡¡of¡¡man£»¡¡
but¡¡¡¡¡¡goes¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡forever£»¡¡¡¡¡¡devouring¡¡¡¡¡¡without¡¡¡¡¡¡indulgence¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡folly¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
falsehood¡¡of¡¡the¡¡world¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡yet¡¡¡¡¡¡you¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡heard¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nothing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡metaphysical¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡schools¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
Alexandria£»¡¡for¡¡as¡¡yet¡¡none¡¡have¡¡existed£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡modern¡¡acceptation¡¡of¡¡that¡¡
word¡£¡¡Indeed£»¡¡I¡¡am¡¡not¡¡sure¡¡that¡¡I¡¡must¡¡not¡¡tell¡¡you¡¡frankly£»¡¡that¡¡none¡¡ever¡¡
existed¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡Alexandria£»¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡same¡¡¡¡¡¡modern¡¡¡¡¡¡acceptation¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Ritter£»¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡
think£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡it¡¡¡¡is¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡complains¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡naively¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡enough£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Alexandrian¡¡
Neoplatonists¡¡had¡¡a¡¡bad¡¡habit£»¡¡which¡¡grew¡¡on¡¡them¡¡more¡¡and¡¡more¡¡as¡¡the¡¡
¿ì½Ý²Ù×÷: °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ °´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿!
ÎÂÜ°Ìáʾ£º ο´Ð¡ËµµÄͬʱ·¢±íÆÀÂÛ£¬Ëµ³ö×Ô¼ºµÄ¿´·¨ºÍÆäËüС»ï°éÃÇ·ÖÏíÒ²²»´íŶ£¡·¢±íÊéÆÀ»¹¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ»ý·ÖºÍ¾Ñé½±Àø£¬ÈÏÕæдԴ´ÊéÆÀ ±»²ÉÄÉΪ¾«ÆÀ¿ÉÒÔ»ñµÃ´óÁ¿½ð±Ò¡¢»ý·ÖºÍ¾Ñé½±ÀøŶ£¡