the spirit of laws-第5部分

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16。　An　Excellent　Law

17。　A　Law　of　Rhodes

18。　Of　the　Judges　of　Commerce

19。　That　a　Prince　Ought　Not　to　Engage　Himself　in　Commerce

20。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

21。　Of　the　Commerce　of　the　Nobility　in　a　Monarchy

22。　A　Singular　Reflection

23。　To　What　Nations　Commerce　Is　Prejudicial

Book　XXI。　Of　Laws　in　Relation　to　Commerce；　Considered　in　the　Revolutions

It　Has　Met　With　in　the　World

1。　Some　General　Considerations

2。　Of　the　People　of　Africa

3。　That　the　Wants　of　the　People　in　the　South　Are　Different　from　those　of　the　North

4。　The　Principal　Difference　between　the　Commerce　of　the　Ancients　and　the　Moderns

5。　Other　Differences

6。　Of　the　Commerce　of　the　Ancients

7。　Of　the　Commerce　of　the　Greeks

8。　Of　Alexander：　His　Conquests

9。　Of　the　Commerce　of　the　Grecian　Kings　after　the　Death　of　Alexander

10。　Of　the　Circuit　of　Africa

11。　Of　Carthage　and　Marseilles

12。　The　Isle　of　Delos。　Mithridates

13。　Of　the　Genius　of　the　Romans　as　to　Maritime　Affairs

14。　Of　the　Genius　of　the　Romans　with　Respect　to　Commerce

15。　Of　the　Commerce　of　the　Romans　with　the　Barbarians

16。　Of　the　Commerce　of　the　Romans　with　Arabia；　and　the　Indies

17。　Of　Commerce　after　the　Destruction　of　the　Western　Empire

18。　A　Particular　Regulation

19。　Of　Commerce　after　the　Decay　of　the　Roman　Power　in　the　East

20。　How　Commerce　Broke　Through　the　Barbarism　of　Europe

21。　The　Discovery　of　Two　New　Worlds；　and　in　What　Manner　Europe　Is　Affected　by　It

22。　Of　the　Riches　Which　Spain　Drew　from　America

23。　A　Problem

Book　XXII。　Of　Laws　in　Relation　to　the　Use　of　Money

1。　The　Reason　of　the　Use　of　Money

2。　Of　the　Nature　of　Money

3。　Of　Ideal　Money

4。　Of　the　Quantity　of　Gold　and　Silver

5。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

6。　Why　Interest　Was　Lowered　One　Half　after　the　Conquest　of　the　Indies

7。　How　the　Price　of　Things　Is　Fixed　in　the　Variation　of　the　Sign　of　Riches

8。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

9。　Of　the　Relative　Scarcity　of　Gold　and　Silver

10。　Of　Exchange

11。　Of　the　Proceedings　of　the　Romans　with　Respect　to　Money

12。　The　Circumstances　in　Which　the　Romans　Changed　the　Value　of　Their　Specie

13。　Proceedings　with　Respect　to　Money　in　the　Time　of　the　Emperors

14。　How　Exchange　Is　a　Constraint　on　Despotic　Power

15。　The　Practice　of　Some　Countries　in　Italy

16。　The　Assistance　a　State　May　Derive　from　Bankers

17。　Of　Public　Debts

18。　Of　the　Payment　of　Public　Debts

19。　Of　Lending　upon　Interest

20。　Of　Maritime　Usury

21。　Of　Lending　by　Contract；　and　the　State　of　Usury　among　the　Romans

22。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

Book　XXIII。　Of　Laws　in　the　Relation　They　Bear　to　the　Number　of　Inhabitants

1。　Of　Men　and　Animals　with　Respect　to　the　Multiplication　of　Their　Species

2。　Of　Marriage

3。　Of　the　Condition　of　Children

4。　Of　Families

5。　Of　the　Several　Orders　of　Lawful　Wives

6。　Of　Bastards　in　Different　Governments

7。　Of　the　Father's　Consent　to　Marriage

8。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

9。　Of　Young　Women

10。　What　It　Is　That　Determines　Marriage

11。　Of　the　Severity　of　Government

12。　Of　the　Number　of　Males　and　Females　in　Different　Countries

13。　Of　Seaport　Towns

14。　Of　the　Productions　of　the　Earth　Which　Require　a　Greater　or　Less　Number　of　Men

15。　Of　the　Number　of　Inhabitants　with　Relation　to　the　Arts

16。　The　Concern　of　the　Legislator　in　the　Propagation　of　the　Species

17。　Of　Greece；　and　the　Number　of　its　Inhabitants

18。　Of　the　State　and　Number　of　People　before　the　Romans

19。　Of　the　Depopulation　of　the　Globe

20。　That　the　Romans　Were　under　the　Necessity　of　Making　Laws　to　Encourage　the　Propagation　of　the　Species

21。　Of　the　Laws　of　the　Romans　Relating　to　the　Propagation　of　the　Species

22。　Of　the　Exposing　of　Children

23。　Of　the　State　of　the　World　after　the　Destruction　of　the　Romans

24。　The　Changes　Which　Happened　in　Europe；　with　Regard　to　the　Number　of　the　Inhabitants

25。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

26。　Consequences

27。　Of　the　Law　Made　in　France　to　Encourage　the　Propagation　of　the　Species

28。　By　What　Means　We　May　Remedy　a　Depopulation

29。　Of　Hospitals

Book　XXIV。　Of　Laws　in　Relation　to　Religion；　Considered　in　Itself；　and　in　Its　Doctrine

1。　Of　Religion　in　General

2。　A　Paradox　of　M。　Bayle's

3。　That　a　Moderate　Government　Is　Most　Agreeable　to　the　Christian　Religion；　and　a　Despotic　Government　to　the　Mahometan

4。　Consequences　from　the　Character　of　the　Christian　Religion　and　That　of　the　Mahometan

5。　That　the　Catholic　Religion　Is　Most　Agreeable　to　a　Monarchy；　and　the　Protestant　to　a　Republic

6。　Another　of　M。　Bayle's　Paradoxes

7。　Of　the　Laws　of　Perfection　in　Religion

8。　Of　the　Connection　between　the　Moral　Laws　and　Those　of　Religion

9。　Of　the　Essenes

10。　Of　the　Sect　of　Stoics

11。　Of　Contemplation

12。　Of　Penances

13。　Of　Inexpiable　Crimes

14。　In　What　Manner　Religion　Has　an　Influence　on　Civil　Laws

15。　How　False　Religions　Are　Sometimes　Corrected　by　the　Civil　Laws

16。　How　the　Laws　of　Religion　Correct　the　Inconveniences　of　a　Political　Constitution

17。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

18。　How　the　Laws　of　Religion　Have　the　Effect　of　Civil　Laws

19。　That　It　Is　Not　So　Much　the　Truth　or　Falsity　of　a　Doctrine　Which　Renders　It　Useful　or　Pernicious　to　Men　in　Civil　Government；　as　the　Use　or　Abuse　of　It

20。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

21。　Of　Metempsychosis

22。　That　It　Is　Dangerous　for　Religion　to　Inspire　an　Aversion　for　Things　in　Themselves　Indifferent

23。　Of　Festivals

24。　Of　the　Local　Laws　of　Religion

25。　The　Inconvenience　of　Transplanting　a　Religion　from　One　Country　to　Another

26。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

Book　XXV。　Of　Laws　in　Relation　to　the　Establishment　of　Religion　and　its　External　Polity

1。　Of　Religious　Sentiments

2。　Of　the　Motives　of　Attachment　to　Different　Religions

3。　Of　Temples

4。　Of　the　Ministers　of　Religion

5。　Of　the　Bounds　Which　the　Laws　Ought　to　Prescribe　to　the　Riches　of　the　Clergy

6。　Of　Monasteries

7。　Of　the　Luxury　of　Superstition

8。　Of　the　Pontificate

9。　Of　Toleration　in　Point　of　Religion

10。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

11。　Of　Changing　a　Religion

12。　Of　Penal　Laws

13。　A　Most　Humble　Remonstrance　to　the　Inquisitors　of　Spain　and　Portugal

14。　Why　the　Christian　Religion　Is　So　Odious　in　Japan

15。　Of　the　Propagation　of　Religion

Book　XXVI。　Of　Laws　in　Relation　to　the　Order　of　Things　Which　They　Determine

1。　Idea　of　This　Book

2。　Of　Laws　Divine　and　Human

3。　Of　Civil　Laws　Contrary　to　the　Law　of　Nature

4。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

5。　Cases　in　Which　We　May　Judge　by　the　Principles　of　the　Civil　Law；　in　Limiting　the　Principles　of　the　Law　of　Nature

6。　That　the　Order　of　Succession　or　Inheritance　Depends　on　the　Principles　of　Political　or　Civil　Law；　and　Not　on　Those　of　the　Law　of　Nature

7。　That　We　Ought　Not　to　Decide　by　the　Precepts　of　Religion　What　Belongs　Only　to　the　Law　of　Nature

8。　That　We　Ought　Not　to　Regulate　by　the　Principles　of　the　Canon　Law　Things　Which　Should　Be　Regulated　by　Those　of　the　Civil　Law

9。　That　Things　Which　Ought　to　Be　Regulated　by　the　Principles　of　Civil　Law　Can　Seldom　Be　Regulated　by　Those　of　Religion。

10。　In　What　Case　We　Ought　to　Follow　the　Civil　Law　Which　Permits；　and　Not　the　Law　of　Religion　Which　Forbids

11。　That　Human　Courts　of　Justice　Should　Not　Be　Regulated　by　the　Maxims　of　Those　Tribunals　Which　Relate　to　the　Other　Life

12。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

13。　In　What　Cases；　with　Regard　to　Marriage；　We　Ought　to　Follow　the　Laws　of　Religion；　and　in　What　Cases　We　Should　Follow　the　Civil　Laws

14。　In　What　Instances　Marriages　between　Relatives　Should　Be　Regulated　by　the　Laws　of　Nature；　and　in　What　Instances　by　the　Civil　Laws

15。　That　We　Should　Not　Regulate　by　the　Principles　of　Political　Law　Those　Things　Which　Depend　on　the　Principles　of　Civil　Law

16。　That　We　Ought　Not　to　Decide　by　the　Rules　of　the　Civil　Law；　When　It　Is　Proper　to　Decide　by　Those　of　the　Political　Law

17。　The　Same　Subject　Continued

18。　That　It　Is　Necessary　to　Inquire　Whether　the　Laws　Which　Seem　Contradictory　Are　of　the　Same　Class

19。　That　We　Should　Not　Decide　Those　Things　by　the　Civil　Law　Which　Ought　to　Be　Decided　by　Domestic　Laws

20。　That　We　Ought　Not　to　Decide　by　the　Principles　of　the　Civil　Laws　Those　Things　Which　Belong　to　the　Law　of　Nations

21。　That　We　Should　Not　Decide　by　Political　Laws　Things　Which　Belong　to　the　Law　of　Nations

22。　The　Unhappy　State　of　the　Inca　Athualpa

23。　That　When；　by　Some　Circumstance；　the　Political　Law　Becomes　Destructive　to　the　State；　We　Ought　to　Decide　by　Such　a　Political　Law；　as　Will　Preserve　It；　Which　Sometimes　Becomes　a　Law　of　Nations

24。　That　the　Regulations　of　the　Police　Are　of　a　Different　Class　from　Other　Civil　Laws

25。　That　We　Should　Not　Follow　the　General　Disposition　of　the　Civil　Law　in　Things　Which　Ought　to　Be　Subject　to　Particular　Rules　Drawn　from　Their　Own　Nature

Book　XXVII。

1。　Of　the　Origin　and　Revolutions　of　the　Roman　Laws　on　Successions

Book　XXVIII。　Of　the　Origin　and　Revolutions　of　the　Civil　Laws　among　the　French

1。　Different　Character　of　the　Laws　of　the　Several　People　of　Germany

2。　That　the　Laws　of　the　Barbarians　Were　All　Personal

3。　Capital　Difference　between　the　Salic　Laws；　and　Those　of　the　Visigoths　and　Burgundians