a forgotten empire-vijayanagar-第12部分

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morning　Feroze　Shaw　had　crossed　the　river　with　his　whole　army；　and　at　dawn　assaulted　the　enemy's　camp　with　great　fury。　Dewul　Roy　grieved　by　the　death　of　his　son　and　panic　struck　at　the　bravery　of　the　assailants；　made　but　a　faint　resistance。　Before　sunrise；　having　taken　up　his　son's　corpse；　he　fled　with　his　army。　The　sultan　gained　immense　plunder　in　the　camp；　and　pursued　him　to　the　vicinity　of　Beejanuggur。　Several　actions　happened　on　the　way；　all　of　which　were　fortunate　to　the　sultan；　and　the　roads　were　heaped　up　with　the　bodies　of　the　slaughtered　Hindoos。〃

Bukka　reached　Vijayanagar　in　safety　and　took　refuge　behind　its　fortifications；　while　the　Sultan　sent　his　brother　Ahmad　（afterwards　Sultan）；　whom　he　had　honoured　with　the　title　of　〃Khankhanan；〃　to　ravage　the　rich　districts　south　of　the　city。　Ahmad　fulfilled　his　instructions　and　returned　with　numberless　prisoners；　and　amongst　them　many　Brahmans。　The　relatives　of　these　in　the　city　begged　the　aged　Raya　（Harihara　II。；　still　alive）　to　offer　ransom；　and　after　much　negotiation　the　Sultan　accepted　〃ten　lakhs　of　oons〃＇89＇　and　agreed　to　the　execution　of　a　treaty。

According　to　this　treaty；　which　was　entered　into　a　few　months　before　the　close　of　the　Hijra　year　801；　I。E。　a　few　months　before　3rd　September　A。D。　1399；　the　boundaries　of　the　two　kingdoms　were　to　be　the　same　as　before　the　war；　and　each　party　agreed　to　refrain　from　molesting　the　subjects　of　the　other。　This　does　not　look　as　though　the　Sultan　had　gained　any　very　material　advantage　in　the　campaign；　since　the　true　boundary　was　always　a　subject　of　dispute。　I　obtain　the　date　above　given　from　Firishtah's　sentence：　〃In　a　few　months　after　the　conclusion　of　this　campaign；　and　the　beginning　of　the　year　802；　the　sultan　marched　to　punish　Nersing；〃　a　chief　who　had　raised　disturbances　on　the　borders　of　Berar。

The　BURHAN…I　MAASIR　passes　over　this　war　with　great　brevity。　It　states　that　the　Sultan　began　it；　and　that　at　its　close　he　accepted　a　large　indemnity　and　promise　of　payment　of　annual　tribute。　The　date　given　is　identical。

Not　long　after　this　war；　but　certainly　not　before　October　15；　A。D。　1399；　Harihara　II；　died；　and　was　succeeded　by　Bukka；　his　son。

We　have　little　to　guide　us　as　to　the　events　of　Bukka's　reign；　but　Firishtah　states　that　he　ceased　to　pay　tribute　to　Firuz　Shah；　partly　owing　to　instigation　from　Gujarat；　Malwa；　and　Khandeish。　In　Hijra　808　（June　1405　to　June　1406　A。D。）　four　years'　tribute　was　owing；　but　the　Sultan　took　no　notice；　and　waited　for　a　more　convenient　time。

Bukka　was　followed　on　the　throne　of　Vijayanagar　by　his　brother　Deva　Raya　I。；　the　date　of　whose　coronation　is　fixed　by　an　inscription　at　Hasan　in　Mysore　as　November　5；　1406。＇90＇　The　last　inscription　of　Bukka　Raya　at　present　known　bears　a　date　corresponding　to　April　30th　in　that　year　　in　Hindu　reckoning　the　12th　day　of　the　first　half　of　the　month　Vaisakha；　in　the　（expired）　Saka　year　1328；　the　name　of　the　cyclic　year　being　〃Vyaya。〃＇91＇



CHAPTER　5

Deva　Raya　I。　（A。D。　1406　to　1419）

The　amorous　monarch；　Deva　Raya　I。　　The　farmer's　beautiful　daughter　　The　king's　escapade　　The　city　threatened　　A　Hindu　princess　wedded　to　a　Muhammadan　prince　　Firuz　Shah's　anger　　Pertal's　marriage　　King　Vijaya　　Probable　date　of　accession　of　Deva　Raya　II。

Firishtah　tells　us　of　an　event　that　must　have　taken　place　towards　the　end　of　the　year　A。D。　1406；　in　which　the　principal　actor　was　the　king　of　Vijayanagar。　This　king　I　believe　to　have　been　Bukka　II。's　successor；　his　younger　brother；　Deva　Raya　I。　The　story　relates　to　a　mad　adventure　of　the　Raya　which　he　undertook　in　order　to　secure　for　himself　the　person　of　a　beautiful　girl；　the　daughter　of　a　farmer　in　Mudkal。　His　desire　to　possess　her　attained　such　a　pitch；　that　he　made　an　expedition　into　the　debatable　land　north　of　the　Tungabhadra　for　the　sole　purpose　of　capturing　the　girl　and　adding　her　to　his　harem。　I　have　already　shown　reasons　for　supposing　that　Bukka　II。　was　a　middle…aged　man　at　his　accession；　and　it　is　not　unreasonable　to　suppose　that　this　hot…blooded　monarch　was　his　younger　brother；　who　began　to　reign　in　November　1406　A。D。　His　escapade　must　be　narrated　in　full　as　told　by　Firishtah；　since　it　led　to　very　important　consequences。

〃There　resided　in　the　town　of　Mudkul　a　farmer；　who　was　blessed　with　a　daughter　of　such　exquisite　beauty；　that　the　Creator　seemed　to　have　united　all　his　powers　in　making　her　perfect。〃

This　attractive　person　was　educated　by　an　old　Brahman；　whose　admiration　of　her　led　him　to　think　that　she　would　prove　a　desirable　member　of　the　Raya's　household。

〃He　proceeded　to　Beejanuggur　and　being　introduced　to　the　roy；　spoke　in　such　praise　of　the　beauty　and　accomplishments　of　the　young　maid；　that　he　was　fired　with　the　desire　of　possessing　her；　and　entreated　the　bramin　to　procure　her　for　him　of　her　parents　in　marriage。　This　request　was　what　the　bramin　earnestly　wished；　and　he　immediately　agreed　to　satisfy　him；　upon　which　the　roy　despatched　him　with　rich　gifts　and　great　promises　of　favours　to　the　parents；　and　the　title　of　ranee；　or　princess；　for　their　beautiful　daughter。　The　bramin　lost　no　time　in　his　journey；　and；　upon　his　arrival　at　the　farmer's　house；　delivered　to　him　and　his　wife　the　roy's　orders；　that　they　should　repair　to　Beejanuggur　with　their　daughter。　The　parents　were　overjoyed　at　such　unexpected　good　fortune；　and　calling　for　the　young　maid；　laid　before　her　the　rich　gifts　of　the　roy；　congratulated　her　on　being　soon　to　be　united　to　a　great　prince；　and　attempted　to　throw　upon　her　neck　a　golden　collar　set　with　jewels；　as　a　token　of　immediate　espousals；　and　which；　if　done；　could　not　have　been　broken　off。

〃The　beautiful　virgin；　to　their　great　astonishment；　drawing　her　neck　from　compliance；　refused　to　receive　the　collar；　and　observed；　that　whoever　entered　the　harem　of　Beejanuggur；　was　afterwards　not　permitted　to　see　even　her　nearest　relations　and　friends；　and　though　they　might　be　happy　to　sell　her　for　worldly　riches；　yet　she　was　too　fond　of　her　parents　to　submit　to　eternal　absence　from　them；　even　for　all　the　splendour　of　the　palace　of　Beejanuggur。　This　declaration　was　accompanied　with　affectionate　tears；　which　melted　her　parents；　who　rather　than　use　force；　dismissed　the　bramin　with　all　his　gifts；　and　he　returned；　chagrined　and　disappointed；　to　Beejanuggur。。。。

〃When　the　bramin　arrived　at　Beejanuggur；　and　related　to　the　roy　the　failure　of　his　scheme；　the　prince's　love　became　outrageous；　and　he　resolved　to　gratify　it　by　force；　though　the　object　resided　in　the　heart　of　Feroze　Shaw's　dominions。＇92＇　For　this　purpose　he　quitted　Beejanuggur　with　a　great　army；　on　pretence　of　going　the　tour　of　his　countries；　and　upon　his　arrival　on　the　banks　of　the　River　Tummedra；　having　selected　five　thousand　of　his　best　horse；　and　giving　the　reins　of　his　conduct　to　love；　commanded　them；　in　spite　of　the　remonstrances　of　his　friends；　to　march　night　and　day　with　all　expedition　to　Mudkul；＇93＇　and；　surrounding　the　village　where　Pertal＇94＇　lived；　to　bring　her　prisoner　to　him；　with　her　whole　family；　without　injury。〃

The　unexpected；　however；　happened。　The　king　neglected　to　send　the　Brahman　to　warn　Pertal's　family；　and　on　the　arrival　of　news　at　Mudkal　that　a　large　force　of　the　Raya's　troops　was　approaching；　the　inhabitants　fled；　and　amongst　them　the　girl　and　her　relatives。　The　troops　therefore　resumed；　but　on　the　way　looted　the　country。　They　were　attacked　by　superior　forces　and　2000　of　them　were　slain。　This　led　to　a　war。

〃In　the　beginning　of　the　winter　of　the　year　809　（I。E。　the　winter　of　A。D。　1406）；＇95＇　he　（the　Sultan）　moved　in　great　force；　and　arrived　near　Beejanuggur；　in　which　Dewul　Roy　had　shut　himself　up。　An　assault　was　made　upon　the　city；　and　the　Sultan　got　possession　of　some　streets；　which；　however；　he　was　obliged　to　quit；　his　army　being　repulsed　by　the　Carnatickehs。　Dewul　Roy；　encouraged　by　his　success；　now　ventured　to　encamp　his　army　under　protection　of　the　walls；　and　to　molest　the　royal　camp。　As　the　mussulmauns　could　not　make　proper　use　of　their　cavalry　in　the　rocky　unevenness　of　ground　round　Beejanuggur；　they　were　somewhat　dispirited。　During　this；　Sultan　Feroze　Shaw　was　wounded　by　an　arrow　in　the　hand；　but　he　would　not　dismount；　and　drawing　out　the　arrow；　bound　up　the　wound　with　a　cloth。

〃The　enemy　were　at　last　driven　off　by　the　valour　and　activity　of　Ahmed　Khan　and　Khankhanan；　and　the　Sultan　moved　farther　from　the　city　to　a　convenient　plain；　where　he　halted　till　his　wounded　men　were　recovered。〃

He　halted　here　for　four　months；　holding　the　Raya　a　prisoner　in　his　own　capital；　while　bodies　of　troops　harassed　and　wasted　the　country　south　of　Vijayanagar；　and　attacked　the　fortress　of　Bankapur。　The　〃convenient　plain〃　was　probably　in　the　open　and　rich　valley　near　the　town　of　Hospett；　south　of　the　city；　for　the　Sultan　could　not　have　ravaged　the　country　to　the　south　unless　he　had　been　master　of　the　whole　of　this　valley　for　many　miles。　Bankapur　was　taken；　and　the　detached　forces　returned　bringing　with　them　60；000　Hindu　prisoners；　on　which　the　Sultan　left　Khankhanan　to　hold　Vijayanagar；　while　he　himself　attempted　to　reduce　the　fortress　of　Adoni；　〃the　strongest　in　possession　of　the　enemy。〃

Deva　Raya　then　began　to　treat　for　peace；　and　was　compelled　to　submit　to　conditions　to　the　last　degree　humiliating。　He　agreed　to　give