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the crowd-第37部分

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ual; accompanied by a weakening of character and a lessening of the capacity for action。  What constituted a people; a unity; a whole; becomes in the end an agglomeration of individualities lacking cohesion; and artificially held together for a time by its traditions and institutions。  It is at this stage that men; divided by their interests and aspirations; and incapable any longer of self…government; require directing in their pettiest acts; and that the State exerts an absorbing influence。

With the definite loss of its old ideal the genius of the race entirely disappears; it is a mere swarm of isolated individuals and returns to its original statethat of a crowd。  Without consistency and without a future; it has all the transitory characteristics of crowds。  Its civilisation is now without stability; and at the mercy of every chance。  The populace is sovereign; and the tide of barbarism mounts。  The civilisation may still seem brilliant because it possesses an outward front; the work of a long past; but it is in reality an edifice crumbling to ruin; which nothing supports; and destined to fall in at the first storm。

To pass in pursuit of an ideal from the barbarous to the civilised state; and then; when this ideal has lost its virtue; to decline and die; such is the cycle of the life of a people。





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