the origins of contemporary france-3-第84部分

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devastated；　is　obliged　to　quit　that　part　of　the　country。＇75＇　　There

is　no　need　to　go　through　the　whole　file。　At　Houdainville；　at　the　house

of　M。　de　Saint…Maurice；　at　Nointel；　on　the　estate　of　the　Duc　de

Bourbon；　at　Chantilly；　on　the　estate　of　the　Prince　de　Condé；　at　the

house　of　M。　de　Fitz…James；　and　elsewhere；　a　certain　Gauthier；

〃commandant　of　the　Paris　detachment　of　Searchers；　and　charged　with　the

powers　of　the　Committee　of　Supervision；〃　makes　his　patriotic　circuit；

and　Roland　knows　beforehand　of　what　that　consists；　namely；　a

dragonnade＇76＇　in　regular　form　on　the　domains　of　all　nobles；　absent　or

present。＇77＇



Favorite　game　is　still　found　in　the　clergy；　more　vigorously　hunted

than　the　nobles；　Roland；　charged　with　the　duty　of　maintaining　public

order；　asks　himself　how　the　lives　of　inoffensive　priests；　which　the

law　recommends　to　him；　can　be　protected。　　At　Troyes；　at　the　house　of

M。　Fardeau；　an　old　non…conformist　curé；　an　altar　decked　with　its

sacred　vessels　is　discovered；　and　M。　Fardeau；　arrested；　refuses　to

take　the　civic　oath。　Torn　from　his　prison；　and　ordered　to　shout　〃Vive

la　Nation！〃　he　again　refuses。　On　this；　a　volunteer；　borrowing　an　ax

from　a　baker；　chops　off　his　head；　and　this　head；　washed　in　the　river；

is　borne　to　the　H？tel…de…ville。＇78＇　　At　Meaux；　a　brigade　of　Parisian

gendarmerie　murders　seven　priests；　and；　as　an　extra；　six　ordinary

malefactors　in　confinement。＇79＇　At　Rheims；　the　Parisian　volunteers

first　make　way　with　the　post…master　and　his　clerk；　both　under

suspicion　because　the　smell　of　burnt　paper　had　issued　from　their

chimney；　and；　next；　M。　de　Montrosier；　an　old　retired　officer；　which　is

the　opening　of　the　hunt。　Afterwards　they　fall　upon　two　ecclesiastics

with　pikes　and　sabers；　whom　their　game…beaters　have　brought　in　from

the　country；　then　on　the　former　curé　of　Saint…Jean；　and　on　that　of

Rilly；　their　corpses　are　cut　up；　paraded　through　the　streets　in

portions；　and　burnt　in　a　bonfire；　one　of　the　wounded　priests；　the　abbé

Alexandre；　is　thrown　in　still　alive。＇80＇　　Roland　recognizes　the　men

of　September；　who；　exposing　their　still　bloody　pikes；　came　to　his

domicile　to　demand　their　wages；　wherever　the　band　passes　it　announces；

〃in　the　name　of　the　people；〃　its　〃plenary　power　to　spread　the　example

of　the　capital。〃　　Now；　as　40；000　unsworn　priests　are　condemned　by　the

decree　of　August　26　to　leave　their　departments　in　a　week　and　France　in

a　fortnight；　shall　they　be　allowed　to　depart？　　Eight　thousand　of　them

at　Rouen；　in　obedience　to　the　decree；　charter　transports；　which　the

riotous　population　of　both　sides　of　the　Seine　prevent　from　leaving。

Roland　sees　in　his　dispatches　that　in　Rouen；　as　elsewhere；　they　crowd

the　municipalities　for　their　passports；＇81＇　but　that　these　are　often

refused。　Better　still；　at　Troyes；　at　Meaux；　at　Lyons；　at　D？le；　and　in

many　other　towns；　the　same　thing　is　done　as　at　Paris；　they　are

confined　in　particular　houses　or　in　prisons；　at　least；　provisionally；

〃for　fear　that　they　may　congregate　under　the　German　eagle〃；　so　that；

made　rebellious　and　declared　traitors　in　spite　of　themselves；　they　may

still　remain　in　their　pens　subject　to　the　knife。　　As　the　exportation

of　specie　is　prohibited；　those　who　have　procured　the　necessary　coin

are　robbed　of　it　on　the　frontier；　while　others；　who　fly　at　all

hazards；　tracked　like　wild　boars；　or　run　down　like　hares；　escape　like

the　bishop　of　Barral；　athwart　bayonets；　or　like　the　abbé　Guillon；

athwart　sabers；　when　they　are　not　struck　down；　like　the　abbé　Pescheur；

by　the　blows　of　a　gun…stock。＇82＇



It　is　soon　dawn。　The　files　are　too　numerous　and　too　large；　Roland

finds　that；　out　of　eighty…three；　he　can　examine　but　fifty；　he　must

hasten　on；　leaving　the　East；　his　eyes　again　turn　to　the　South。　　On

this　side；　too；　there　are　strange　sights。　　On　the　2nd　　of　September；

at　Chalons…sur…Marne＇83＇；　M。　Chanlaire；　an　octogenarian　and　deaf；　is

returning；　with　his　prayer…book　under　his　arm；　from　the　Mall；　to　which

he　resorted　daily　to　read　his　prayers。　　A　number　of　Parisian

volunteers　who　meet　him；　seeing　that　he　looks　like　a　devotee；　order

him　to　shout；　〃Vive　la　Liberté〃　　Unable　to　understand　them；　he　makes

no　reply。　They　then　seize　him　by　the　ears；　and；　not　marching　fast

enough；　they　drag　him　along；　his　old　ears　give　way；　and；　excited　by

seeing　blood；　they　cut　off　his　ears　and　nose；　and　thus；　the　poor　old

man　dripping　with　blood；　they　reach　the　H？tel…de…Ville。　　At　this　sight

a　notary；　posted　there　as　sentinel；　and　who　is　a　man　of　feeling；　is

horror…stricken　and　escapes；　while　the　other　National　Guards　hasten　to

shut　the　iron　gates。　　The　Parisians；　still　dragging　along　their

captive；　go　to　the　district　and　then　to　the　department　bureau　〃to

denounce　aristocrats〃；　on　the　way　they　continue　to　strike　the

tottering　old　man；　who　falls　down；　they　then　decapitate　him；　place

pieces　of　his　body　on　pikes；　and　parade　these　about。　　Meanwhile；　in

this　same　town；　twenty…two　gentlemen；　at　Beaune；　forty　priests　and

nobles；　at　Dijon；　eighty…three　heads　of　families；　locked　up　as

suspected　without　evidence　or　examination；　and　confined　at　their　own

expense　two　months　under　pikes；　ask　themselves　every　morning　whether

the　populace　and　the　volunteers；　who　shout　death　cries　through　the

streets；　mean　to　release　them　in　the　same　way　as　in　Paris。＇84＇　　A

trifle　is　sufficient　to　provoke　a　murder。　　On　the　19th　of　August；　at

Auxerre　as　the　National　Guard　is　marching　along；　three　citizens；　after

having　taken　the　civic　oath；　〃left　the　ranks；〃　and；　on　being　called

back；　〃to　make　them　fall　in；〃　one；　either　impatient　or　in　ill…humor；

〃replied　with　an　indecent　gesture〃。　The　populace；　taking　it　as　an

insult；　instantly　rush　at　them；　and　shoving　aside　the　municipal　body

and　the　National　Guards；　wound　one　and　kill　the　other　two。＇85＇　　A

fortnight　after；　in　the　same　town；　several　young　ecclesiastics　are

massacred；　and　〃the　corpse　of　one　of　them　remains　three　days　on　a

manure　heap；　the　relatives　not　being　allowed　to　bury　it。〃　　About　the

same　date；　in　a　village　of　sabot　makers；　five　leagues　from　Autun；　four

ecclesiastics　provided　with　passports；　among　them　a　bishop　and　his　two

grand…vicars；　are　arrested；　then　examined；　robbed；　and　murdered　by　the

peasantry。　Below　Autun；　especially　in　the　district　of　Roanne；　the

villagers　burn　the　rent…rolls　of　national　property；　the　volunteers　put

property…owners　to　ransom；　both；　apart　from　each　other　or　together；

give　themselves　up　〃to　every　excess　and　to　every　sort　of　iniquity

against　those　whom　they　suspect　of　incivism　under　pretense　of

religious　opinions。〃＇86＇　However　preoccupied　or　upset　Roland's　mind

may　be　by　the　philosophic　generalities　with　which　it　is　filled；　he　has

long　inspected　manufactures　in　this　country；　the　name　of　every　place

is　familiar　to　him；　objects　and　forms　are　this　time　clearly　defined　to

his　arid　imagination；　and　he　begins　to　see　things　through　and　beyond

mere　words。



Madame　Roland　rests　her　finger　on　Lyons；　so　familiar　to　her　two　years

before；　she　becomes　excited　against　〃the　quadruple　aristocracy　of　the

town；　petty　nobles；　priests；　heavy　merchants；　and　limbs　of　the　law；　in

short；　those　formerly　known　as　honest　folks；　according　to　the

insolence　of　the　ancient　régime。〃＇87＇　She　may　now　find　an　aristocracy

of　another　kind　there；　that　of　the　gutter。　Following　the　example　of

Paris；　the　Lyons　clubbists；　led　by　Charlier；　have　arranged　for　a

massacre　on　a　grand　scale　of　the　evil…disposed　or　suspected　Another

ringleader；　Dodieu；　has　drawn　up　a　list　by　name　of　two　hundred

aristocrats　to　he　hung；　on　the　9th　of　September；　women　with　pikes；　the

maniacs　of　the　suburbs；　bands　of　〃the　unknown；〃　collected　by　the

central　club；＇88＇　undertake　to　clean　out　the　prisons。　　If　the　butchery

is　not　equal　to　that　of　Paris；　it　is　because　the　National　Guard；　more

energetic；　interferes　just　at　the　moment　when　a　Parisian　emissary；

Saint…Charles；　reads　off　a　list　of　names　in　the　prison　of　Roanne

already　taken　from　the　prison　register。　　But；　in　other　places；　it

arrives　too　late。　　　Eight　officers　of　the　Royal…Pologne　regiment；　in

garrison　at　Auch；　some　of　them　having　been　in　the　service　twenty　and

thirty　years；　had　been　compelled　to　resign　owing　to　the

insubordination　of　their　men；　but；　at　the　express　desire　of　the

Minister　of　War；　they　had　patriotically　remained　at　their　posts；　and；

in　twenty　days　of　laborious　marching；　they　had　led　their　regiment　from

Auch　to　Lyons。　　Three　days　after　their　arrival；　seized　at　night　in

their　beds；　conducted　to　Pierre…Encize；　pelted　with　stones　on　the　way；

kept　in　secret　confinement；　and　with　frequent　and　prolonged

examinations；　all　this　merely　put　their　services　and　their　innocence

in　stronger　light。　　They　are　taken　from　the　prison　by　the　Jacobin　mob；

of　the　eight；　seven　are　killed　in　the　street；　and　four　priests　along

with　them；　while　the　exhibition　of　their　work　by　the　murderers　is

still　more　brazen　than　at　Paris。　They　parade　the　heads　of　the　dead　all

night　on　the　ends　of