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receipt　of　the　bounty　of　the　government　are　in　the　ranks　of　the

insurgent　army　or　giving　them　aid　and　comfort。　　The　Secretary　of　the

Interior　has　directed　a　suspension　of　the　payment　of　the　pensions　of

such　persons　upon　proof　of　their　disloyalty。　　I　recommend　that

Congress　authorize　that　officer　to　cause　the　names　of　such　persons　to

be　stricken　from　the　pension　rolls。



The　relations　of　the　government　with　the　Indian　tribes　have　been

greatly　disturbed　by　the　insurrection；　especially　in　the　southern

superintendency　and　in　that　of　New　Mexico。　　The　Indian　country　south

of　Kansas　is　in　the　possession　of　insurgents　from　Texas　and　Arkansas。

The　agents　of　the　United　States　appointed　since　the　4th　of　March　for

this　superintendency　have　been　unable　to　reach　their　posts；　while　the

most　of　those　who　were　in　office　before　that　time　have　espoused　the

insurrectionary　cause；　and　assume　to　exercise　the　powers　of　agents　by

virtue　of　commissions　from　the　insurrectionists。　　It　has　been　stated

in　the　public　press　that　a　portion　of　those　Indians　have　been

organized　as　a　military　force　and　are　attached　to　the　army　of　the

insurgents。　　Although　the　government　has　no　official　information　upon

this　subject；　letters　have　been　written　to　the　Commissioner　of　Indian

Affairs　by　several　prominent　chiefs　giving　assurance　of　their　loyalty

to　the　United　States　and　expressing　a　wish　for　the　presence　of

Federal　troops　to　protect　them。　　It　is　believed　that　upon　the

repossession　of　the　country　by　the　Federal　forces　the　Indians　will

readily　cease　all　hostile　demonstrations　and　resume　their　former

relations　to　the　government。



Agriculture；　confessedly　the　largest　interest　of　the　nation；　has　not

a　department　nor　a　bureau；　but　a　clerkship　only；　assigned　to　it　in

the　government。　　While　it　is　fortunate　that　this　great　interest　is　so

independent　in　its　nature　as　not　to　have　demanded　and　extorted　more

from　the　government；　I　respectfully　ask　Congress　to　consider　whether

something　more　cannot　be　given　voluntarily　with　general　advantage。



Annual　reports　exhibiting　the　condition　of　our　agriculture；　commerce；

and　manufactures　would　present　a　fund　of　information　of　great

practical　value　to　the　country。　　While　I　make　no　suggestion　as　to

details；　I　venture　the　opinion　that　an　agricultural　and　statistical

bureau　might　profitably　be　organized。



The　execution　of　the　laws　for　the　suppression　of　　the　African　slave

trade　has　been　confided　to　the　Department　of　the　Interior。　　　It　is　a

subject　of　gratulation　that　the　efforts　which　have　been　made　for　the

suppression　of　this　inhuman　traffic　have　been　recently　attended　with

unusual　success。　　Five　vessels　being　fitted　out　for　the　slave　trade

have　been　seized　and　condemned。　　Two　mates　of　vessels　engaged　in　the

trade　and　one　person　in　equipping　a　vessel　as　a　slaver　have　been

convicted　and　subjected　to　the　penalty　of　fine　and　imprisonment；　and

one　captain；　taken　with　a　cargo　of　Africans　on　board　his　vessel；　has

been　convicted　of　the　highest　grade　of　offense　under　our　laws；　the

punishment　of　which　is　death。



The　Territories　of　Colorado；　Dakota；　and　Nevada；　created　by　the　last

Congress；　have　been　organized；　and　civil　administration　has　been

inaugurated　therein　under　auspices　especially　gratifying　when　it　is

considered　that　the　leaven　of　treason　was　found　existing　in　some　of

these　new　countries　when　the　Federal　officers　arrived　there。



The　abundant　natural　resources　of　these　Territories；　with　the

security　and　protection　afforded　by　organized　government；　will

doubtless　invite　to　them　a　large　immigration　when　peace　shall　restore

the　business　of　the　country　to　its　accustomed　channels。　　I　submit　the

resolutions　of　the　Legislature　of　Colorado；　which　evidence　the

patriotic　spirit　of　the　people　of　the　Territory。　　So　far　the

authority　of　the　United　States　has　been　upheld　in　all　the

Territories；　as　it　is　hoped　it　will　be　in　the　future。　　I　commend

their　interests　and　defense　to　the　enlightened　and　generous　care　of

Congress。



I　recommend　to　the　favorable　consideration　of　Congress　the　interests

of　the　District　of　Columbia。　　The　insurrection　has　been　the　cause　of

much　suffering　and　sacrifice　to　its　inhabitants；　and　as　they　have　no

representative　in　Congress　that　body　should　not　overlook　their　just

claims　upon　the　government。



At　your　late　session　a　joint　resolution　was　adopted　authorizing　the

President　to　take　measures　for　facilitating　a　proper　representation

of　the　industrial　interests　of　the　United　States　at　the　exhibition　of

the　industry　of　all　nations　to　be　holden　at　London　in　the　year　1862。

I　regret　to　say　I　have　been　unable　to　give　personal　attention　to　this

subjecta　subject　at　once　so　interesting　in　itself　and　so

extensively　and　intimately　connected　with　the　material　prosperity　of

the　world。　　Through　the　Secretaries　of　State　and　of　the　Interior　a

plan　or　system　has　been　devised　and　partly　matured；　and　which　will　be

laid　before　you。



Under　and　by　virtue　of　the　act　of　Congress　entitled　〃An　act　to

confiscate　property　used　for　insurrectionary　purposes；〃　approved

August　6；　1861；　the　legal　claims　of　certain　persons　to　the　labor　and

service　of　certain　other　persons　have　become　forfeited；　and　numbers

of　the　latter　thus　liberated　are　already　dependent　on　the　United

States；　and　must　be　provided　for　in　some　way。　　Besides　this；　it　is

not　impossible　that　some　of　the　States　will　pass　similar　enactments

for　their　own　benefit　respectively；　and　by　operation　of　which　persons

of　the　same　class　will　be　thrown　upon　them　for　disposal。　　In　such

case　I　recommend　that　Congress　provide　for　accepting　such　persons

from　such　States；　according　to　some　mode　of　valuation；　in　lieu；　pro

tanto；　of　direct　taxes；　or　upon　some　other　plan　to　be　agreed　on　with

such　States　respectively；　that　such　persons；　on　such　acceptance　by

the　General　Government；　be　at　once　deemed　free；　and　that　in　any　event

steps　be　taken　for　colonizing　both　classes　（or　the　one　first

mentioned　if　the　other　shall　not　be　brought　into　existence）　at　some

place　or　places　in　a　climate　congenial　to　them。　　It　might　be　well　to

consider；　too；　whether　the　free　colored　people　already　in　the　United

States　could　not；　so　far　as　individuals　may　desire；　be　included　in

such　colonization。



To　carry　out　the　plan　of　colonization　may　involve　the　acquiring　of

territory；　and　also　the　appropriation　of　money　beyond　that　to　be

expended　in　the　territorial　acquisition。　　Having　practised　the

acquisition　of　territory　for　nearly　sixty　years；　the　question　of

constitutional　power　to　do　so　is　no　longer　an　open　one　with　us。　　The

power　was　questioned　at　first　by　Mr。　Jefferson；　who；　however；　in　the

purchase　of　Louisiana；　yielded　his　scruples　on　the　plea　of　great

expediency。　　If　it　be　said　that　the　only　legitimate　object　of

acquiring　territory　is　to　furnish　homes　for　white　men；　this　measure

effects　that　object；　for　emigration　of　colored　men　leaves　additional

room　for　white　men　remaining　or　coming　here。　　Mr。　Jefferson；　however；

placed　the　importance　of　procuring　Louisiana　more　on　political　and

commercial　grounds　than　on　providing　room　for　population。



On　this　whole　proposition；　including　the　appropriation　of　money　with

the　acquisition　of　territory；　does　not　the　expediency　amount　to

absolute　necessitythat　without　which　the　government　itself　cannot

be　perpetuated？



The　war　continues。　　In　considering　the　policy　to　be　adopted　for

suppressing　the　insurrection　I　have　been　anxious　and　careful　that　the

inevitable　conflict　for　this　purpose　shall　not　degenerate　into　a

violent　and　remorseless　revolutionary　struggle。　　I　have　therefore　in

every　case　thought　it　proper　to　keep　the　integrity　of　the　Union

prominent　as　the　primary　object　of　the　contest　on　our　part；　leaving

all　questions　which　are　not　of　vital　military　importance　to　the　more

deliberate　action　of　the　Legislature。



In　the　exercise　of　my　best　discretion　I　have　adhered　to　the　blockade

of　the　ports　held　by　the　insurgents；　instead　of　putting　in　force　by

proclamation　the　law　of　Congress　enacted　at　the　late　session　for

closing　those　ports。



So　also；　obeying　the　dictates　of　prudence；　as　well　as　the　obligations

of　law；　instead　of　transcending　I　have　adhered　to　the　act　of　Congress

to　confiscate　property　used　for　insurrectionary　purposes。　　If　a　new

law　upon　the　same　subject　shall　be　proposed；　its　propriety　will　be

duly　considered。　　The　Union　must　be　preserved；　and　hence　all

indispensable　means　must　be　employed。　　We　should　not　be　in　haste　to

determine　that　radical　and　extreme　measures；　which　may　reach　the

loyal　as　well　as　the　disloyal；　are　indispensable。



The　inaugural　address　at　the　beginning　of　the　Administration　and　the

message　to　Congress　at　the　late　special　session　were　both　mainly

devoted　to　topics　domestic　controversy　out　of　which　the　insurrection

and　consequent　war　have　sprung。　　Nothing　now　occurs　to　add　or

subtract　to　or　from　the　principles　or　general　purposes　stated　and

expre