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on memory and reminiscence-第4部分
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the anamnesis = the effort at recollection) excites a feeling of
discomfort; which; even though they abandon the effort at
recollection; persists in them none the less; and especially in
persons of melancholic temperament。 For these are most powerfully
moved by presentations。 The reason why the effort of recollection is
not under the control of their will is that; as those who throw a
stone cannot stop it at their will when thrown; so he who tries to
recollect and 'hunts' (after an idea) sets up a process in a
material part; (that) in which resides the affection。 Those who have
moisture around that part which is the centre of sense…perception
suffer most discomfort of this kind。 For when once the moisture has
been set in motion it is not easily brought to rest; until the idea
which was sought for has again presented itself; and thus the movement
has found a straight course。 For a similar reason bursts of anger or
fits of terror; when once they have excited such motions; are not at
once allayed; even though the angry or terrified persons (by efforts
of will) set up counter motions; but the passions continue to move
them on; in the same direction as at first; in opposition to such
counter motions。 The affection resembles also that in the case of
words; tunes; or sayings; whenever one of them has become inveterate
on the lips。 People give them up and resolve to avoid them; yet
again they find themselves humming the forbidden air; or using the
prohibited word。 Those whose upper parts are abnormally large; as。
is the case with dwarfs; have abnormally weak memory; as compared with
their opposites; because of the great weight which they have resting
upon the organ of perception; and because their mnemonic movements
are; from the very first; not able to keep true to a course; but are
dispersed; and because; in the effort at recollection; these movements
do not easily find a direct onward path。 Infants and very old
persons have bad memories; owing to the amount of movement going on
within them; for the latter are in process of rapid decay; the
former in process of vigorous growth; and we may add that children;
until considerably advanced in years; are dwarf…like in their bodily
structure。 Such then is our theory as regards memory and remembering
their nature; and the particular organ of the soul by which animals
remember; also as regards recollection; its formal definition; and the
manner and causes…of its performance。
…THE END…
。
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