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on memory and reminiscence-第4部分

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the anamnesis = the effort at recollection) excites a feeling of



discomfort; which; even though they abandon the effort at



recollection; persists in them none the less; and especially in



persons of melancholic temperament。 For these are most powerfully



moved by presentations。 The reason why the effort of recollection is



not under the control of their will is that; as those who throw a



stone cannot stop it at their will when thrown; so he who tries to



recollect and 'hunts' (after an idea) sets up a process in a



material part; (that) in which resides the affection。 Those who have



moisture around that part which is the centre of sense…perception



suffer most discomfort of this kind。 For when once the moisture has



been set in motion it is not easily brought to rest; until the idea



which was sought for has again presented itself; and thus the movement



has found a straight course。 For a similar reason bursts of anger or



fits of terror; when once they have excited such motions; are not at



once allayed; even though the angry or terrified persons (by efforts



of will) set up counter motions; but the passions continue to move



them on; in the same direction as at first; in opposition to such



counter motions。 The affection resembles also that in the case of



words; tunes; or sayings; whenever one of them has become inveterate



on the lips。 People give them up and resolve to avoid them; yet



again they find themselves humming the forbidden air; or using the



prohibited word。 Those whose upper parts are abnormally large; as。



is the case with dwarfs; have abnormally weak memory; as compared with



their opposites; because of the great weight which they have resting



upon the organ of perception; and because their mnemonic movements



are; from the very first; not able to keep true to a course; but are



dispersed; and because; in the effort at recollection; these movements



do not easily find a direct onward path。 Infants and very old



persons have bad memories; owing to the amount of movement going on



within them; for the latter are in process of rapid decay; the



former in process of vigorous growth; and we may add that children;



until considerably advanced in years; are dwarf…like in their bodily



structure。 Such then is our theory as regards memory and remembering



their nature; and the particular organ of the soul by which animals



remember; also as regards recollection; its formal definition; and the



manner and causes…of its performance。











                                   …THE END…





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