论语(英文版)-第12部分

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ster　to　hwan。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃kwan　chung　acted　as　prime　minister　to　the　duke　hwan　madehim　leader　of　all　the　princes；　and　united　and　rectified　the　whole　kingdom。　downto　the　present　day；　the　people　enjoy　the　gifts　which　he　conferred。　but　for　kwanchung；　we　should　now　be　wearing　our　hair　unbound；　and　the　lappets　of　our　coatsbuttoning　on　the　left　side。
　　〃will　you　require　from　him　the　small　fidelity　of　mon　men　and　mon　women；who　would　mit　suicide　in　a　stream　or　ditch；　no　one　knowing　anything　aboutthem？〃
　　the　great　officer；　hsien；　who　had　been　family　minister　to　kung…shu　wan；ascended　to　the　prince's　court　in　pany　with　wan。
　　the　master；　having　heard　of　it；　said；　〃he　deserved　to　be　considered　wan　（theacplished）。〃
　　the　master　was　speaking　about　the　unprincipled　course　of　the　duke　ling　ofweil　when　ch'i　k'ang　said；　〃since　he　is　of　such　a　character；　how　is　it　he　doesnot　lose　his　state？〃
　　confucius　said；　〃the　chung…shu　yu　has　the　superintendence　of　his　guests　andof　strangers；　the　litanist；　t'o；　has　the　management　of　his　ancestral　temple；　andwang…sun　chia　has　the　direction　of　the　army　and　forces：…with　such　officers　asthese；　how　should　he　lose　his　state？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃he　who　speaks　without　modesty　will　find　it　difficult　tomake　his　words　good。〃
　　chan　ch'ang　murdered　the　duke　chien　of　ch'i。
　　confucius　bathed；　went　to　court　and　informed　the　duke　ai；　saying；　〃chan　hanghas　slain　his　sovereign。　i　beg　that　you　will　undertake　to　punish　him。〃
　　the　duke　said；　〃inform　the　chiefs　of　the　three　families　of　it。〃
　　confucius　retired；　and　said；　〃following　in　the　rear　of　the　great　officers；　idid　not　dare　not　to　represent　such　a　matter；　and　my　prince　says；　〃inform　thechiefs　of　the　three　families　of　it。〃
　　he　went　to　the　chiefs；　and　informed　them；　but　they　would　not　act。　confuciusthen　said；　〃following　in　the　rear　of　the　great　officers；　i　did　not　dare　not　torepresent　such　a　matter。〃
　　tsze…lu　asked　how　a　ruler　should　be　served。　the　master　said；　〃do　not　imposeon　him；　and；　moreover；　withstand　him　to　his　face。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃the　progress　of　the　superior　man　is　upwards；　the　progressof　the　mean　man　is　downwards。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃in　ancient　times；　men　learned　with　a　view　to　their　ownimprovement。　nowadays；　men　learn　with　a　view　to　the　approbation　of　others。〃
　　chu　po…yu　sent　a　messenger　with　friendly　inquiries　to　confucius。
　　confucius　sat　with　him；　and　questioned　him。　〃what；〃　said　he！　〃is　your　masterengaged　in？〃　the　messenger　replied；　〃my　master　is　anxious　to　make　his　faults　few；but　he　has　not　yet　succeeded。〃　he　then　went　out；　and　the　master　said；　〃amessenger　indeed！　a　messenger　indeed！〃
　　the　master　said；　〃he　who　is　not　in　any　particular　office　has　nothing　to　dowith　plans　for　the　administration　of　its　duties。〃
　　the　philosopher　tsang　said；　〃the　superior　man；　in　his　thoughts；　does　not　goout　of　his　place。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃the　superior　man　is　modest　in　his　speech；　but　exceeds　inhis　actions。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃the　way　of　the　superior　man　is　threefold；　but　i　am　notequal　to　it。　virtuous；　he　is　free　from　anxieties；　wise；　he　is　free　fromperplexities；　bold；　he　is　free　from　fear。
　　tsze…kung　said；　〃master；　that　is　what　you　yourself　say。〃
　　tsze…kung　was　in　the　habit　of　paring　men　together。　the　master　said；　〃tszemust　have　reached　a　high　pitch　of　excellence！　now；　i　have　not　leisure　for　this。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃i　will　not　be　concerned　at　men's　not　knowing　me；　i　will　beconcerned　at　my　own　want　of　ability。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃he　who　does　not　anticipate　attempts　to　deceive　him；　northink　beforehand　of　his　not　being　believed；　and　yet　apprehends　these　thingsreadily　when　they　occur；…is　he　not　a　man　of　superior　worth？〃
　　wei…shang　mau　said　to　confucius；　〃ch'iu；　how　is　it　that　you　keep　roostingabout？　is　it　not　that　you　are　an　insinuating　talker？
　　confucius　said；　〃i　do　not　dare　to　play　the　part　of　such　a　talker；　but　i　hateobstinacy。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃a　horse　is　called　a　ch'i；　not　because　of　its　strength；　butbecause　of　its　other　good　qualities。〃
　　some　one　said；　〃what　do　you　say　concerning　the　principle　that　injury　shouldbe　repensed　with　kindness？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃with　what　then　will　you　repense　kindness？〃
　　〃repense　injury　with　justice；　and　repense　kindness　with　kindness。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃alas！　there　is　no　one　that　knows　me。〃
　　tsze…kung　said；　〃what　do　you　mean　by　thus　saying…that　no　one　knows　you？〃　themaster　replied；　〃i　do　not　murmur　against　heaven。　i　do　not　grumble　against　men。my　studies　lie　low；　and　my　penetration　rises　high。　but　there　is　heaven；…thatknows　me！〃
　　the　kung…po　liao；　having　slandered　tsze…lu　to　chi…sun；　tsze…fu　ching…poinformed　confucius　of　it；　saying；　〃our　master　is　certainly　being　led　astray　bythe　kung…po　liao；　but　i　have　still　power　enough　left　to　cut　liao　off；　and　exposehis　corpse　in　the　market　and　in　the　court。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃if　my　principles　are　to　advance；　it　is　so　ordered。　if　theyare　to　fall　to　the　ground；　it　is　so　ordered。　what　can　the　kung…po　liao　do　wheresuch　ordering　is　concerned？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃some　men　of　worth　retire　from　the　world。　some　retire　fromparticular　states。　some　retire　because　of　disrespectful　looks。　some　retirebecause　of　contradictory　language。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃those　who　have　done　this　are　seven　men。〃
　　tsze…lu　happening　to　pass　the　night　in　shih…man；　the　gatekeeper　said　to　him；〃whom　do　you　e　from？〃　tsze…lu　said；　〃from　mr。　k'ung。〃　〃it　is　he；…is　it　not？〃…said　the　other；　〃who　knows　the　impracticable　nature　of　the　times　and　yet　will　bedoing　in　them。〃
　　the　master　was　playing；　one　day；　on　a　musical　stone　in　weil　when　a　mancarrying　a　straw　basket　passed　door　of　the　house　where　confucius　was；　and　said；〃his　heart　is　full　who　so　beats　the　musical　stone。〃
　　a　little　while　after；　he　added；　〃how　contemptible　is　the　one…ideaedobstinacy　those　sounds　display！　when　one　is　taken　no　notice　of；　he　has　simply　atonce　to　give　over　his　wish　for　public　employment。　'deep　water　must　be　crossedwith　the　clothes　on；　shallow　water　may　be　crossed　with　the　clothes　held　up。'〃
　　the　master　said；　〃how　determined　is　he　in　his　purpose！　but　this　is　notdifficult！〃
　　tsze…chang　said；　〃what　is　meant　when　the　shu　says　that　kao…tsung；　whileobserving　the　usual　imperial　mourning；　was　for　three　years　without　speaking？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃why　must　kao…tsung　be　referred　to　as　an　example　of　this？the　ancients　all　did　so。　when　the　sovereign　died；　the　officers　all　attended　totheir　several　duties；　taking　instructions　from　the　prime　minister　for　threeyears。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃when　rulers　love　to　observe　the　rules　of　propriety；　thepeople　respond　readily　to　the　calls　on　them　for　service。〃
　　tsze…lu　asked　what　constituted　the　superior　man。　the　master　said；　〃thecultivation　of　himself　in　reverential　carefulness。〃　〃and　is　this　all？〃　saidtsze…lu。　〃he　cultivates　himself　so　as　to　give　rest　to　others；〃　was　the　reply。〃and　is　this　all？〃　again　asked　tsze…lu。　the　master　said；　〃he　cultivates　himselfso　as　to　give　rest　to　all　the　people。　he　cultivates　himself　so　as　to　give　restto　all　the　people：…even　yao　and　shun　were　still　solicitous　about　this。〃
　　yuan　zang　was　squatting　on　his　heels；　and　so　waited　the　approach　of　themaster；　who　said　to　him；　〃in　youth　not　humble　as　befits　a　junior；　in　manhood；doing　nothing　worthy　of　being　handed　down；　and　living　on　to　old　age：…this　is　tobe　a　pest。〃　with　this　he　hit　him　on　the　shank　with　his　staff。
　　a　youth　of　the　village　of　ch'ueh　was　employed　by　confucius　to　carry　themessages　between　him　and　his　visitors。　some　one　asked　about　him；　saying；　〃isuppose　he　has　made　great　progress。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃i　observe　that　he　is　fond　of　occupying　the　seat　of　a　full…grown　man；　i　observe　that　he　walks　shoulder　to　shoulder　with　his　elders。　he　isnot　one　who　is　seeking　to　make　progress　in　learning。　he　wishes　quickly　to　beea　man。〃
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　　the　duke　ling　of　wei　asked　confucius　about　tactics。　confucius　replied；　〃ihave　heard　all　about　sacrificial　vessels；　but　i　have　not　learned　militarymatters。〃　on　this；　he　took　his　departure　the　next　day。
　　when　he　was　in　chan；　their　provisions　were　exhausted；　and　his　followersbecame　so　in　that　they　were　unable　to　rise。
　　tsze…lu；　with　evident　dissatisfaction；　said；　〃has　the　superior　man　likewiseto　endure　in　this　way？〃　the　master　said；　〃the　superior　man　may　indeed　have　toendure　want；　but　the　mean　man；　when　he　is　in　want；　gives　way　to　unbridledlicense。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃ts'ze；　you　think；　i　suppose；　that　i　am　one　who　learns　manythings　and　keeps　them　in　memory？〃
　　tsze…kung　replied；　〃yes；…but　perhaps　it　is　not　so？〃
　　〃no；〃　was　the　answer；　〃i　seek　a　unity　all　pervading。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃yu　i　those　who　know　virtue　are　few。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃may　not　shun　be　instanced　as　having　governed　efficientlywithout　exertion？　what　did　he　do？　he　did　nothing　but　gravely　and　reverentlyoccupy　his　royal　seat。〃
　　tsze…chang　asked　how　a　man　should　conduct　himself；　so　as　to　be　everywhereappreciated。
　　the　master　said；　〃let　his　words　be　sincere　and　truthful　and　his　actionshonorable　and　careful；…such　conduct　may　be　practiced　among　the　rude　tribes　ofthe　south　or　the　north。　if　his　words　be　not　sincere　and　truthful　and　his　actionsnot　honorable　and　carefull　wi