论语(英文版)-第16部分

快捷操作: 按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页 按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页 按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部! 如果本书没有阅读完，想下次继续接着阅读，可使用上方 "收藏到我的浏览器" 功能 和 "加入书签" 功能！

is　useless；but　the　future　may　still　be　provided　against。　give　up　your　vain　pursuit。　give　upyour　vain　pursuit。　peril　awaits　those　who　now　engage　in　affairs　of　government。〃
　　confucius　alighted　and　wished　to　converse　with　him；　but　chieh…yu　hastenedaway；　so　that　he　could　not　talk　with　him。
　　ch'ang…tsu　and　chieh…ni　were　at　work　in　the　field　together；　when　confuciuspassed　by　them；　and　sent　tsze…lu　to　inquire　for　the　ford。
　　ch'ang…tsu　said；　〃who　is　he　that　holds　the　reins　in　the　carriage　there？〃tsze…lu　told　him；　〃it　is　k'ung　ch'iu。'；　〃is　it　not　k'ung　of　lu？〃　asked　he。〃yes；〃　was　the　reply；　to　which　the　other　rejoined；　〃he　knows　the　ford。〃
　　tsze…lu　then　inquired　of　chieh…ni；　who　said　to　him；　〃who　are　you；　sir？〃　heanswered；　〃i　am　chung　yu。〃　〃are　you　not　the　disciple　of　k'ung　ch'iu　of　lu？〃asked　the　other。　〃i　am；〃　replied　he；　and　then　chieh…ni　said　to　him；　〃disorder；like　a　swelling　flood；　spreads　over　the　whole　empire；　and　who　is　he　that　willchange　its　state　for　you？　rather　than　follow　one　who　merely　withdraws　from　thisone　and　that　one；　had　you　not　better　follow　those　who　have　withdrawn　from　theworld　altogether？〃　with　this　he　fell　to　covering　up　the　seed；　and　proceeded　withhis　work；　without　stopping。
　　tsze…lu　went　and　reported　their　remarks；　when　the　master　observed　with　asigh；　〃it　is　impossible　to　associate　with　birds　and　beasts；　as　if　they　were　thesame　with　us。　if　i　associate　not　with　these　people；…with　mankind；…with　whomshall　i　associate？　if　right　principles　prevailed　through　the　empire；　there　wouldbe　no　use　for　me　to　change　its　state。〃
　　tsze…lu；　following　the　master；　happened　to　fall　behind；　when　he　met　an　oldman；　carrying　across　his　shoulder　on　a　staff　a　basket　for　weeds。　tsze…lu　said　tohim；　〃have　you　seen　my　master；　sir？〃　the　old　man　replied；　〃your　four　limbs　areunaccustomed　to　toil；　you　cannot　distinguish　the　five　kinds　of　grain：…who　isyour　master？〃　with　this；　he　planted　his　staff　in　the　ground；　and　proceeded　toweed。
　　tsze…lu　joined　his　hands　across　his　breast；　and　stood　before　him。
　　the　old　man　kept　tsze…lu　to　pass　the　night　in　his　house；　killed　a　fowl；prepared　millet；　and　feasted　him。　he　also　introduced　to　him　his　two　sons。
　　next　day；　tsze…lu　went　on　his　way；　and　reported　his　adventure。　the　mastersaid；　〃he　is　a　recluse；〃　and　sent　tsze…lu　back　to　see　him　again；　but　when　he　gotto　the　place；　the　old　man　was　gone。
　　tsze…lu　then　said　to　the　family；　〃not　to　take　office　is　not　righteous。　ifthe　relations　between　old　and　young　may　not　be　neglected；　how　is　it　that　he　setsaside　the　duties　that　should　be　observed　between　sovereign　and　minister？　wishingto　maintain　his　personal　purity；　he　allows　that　great　relation　to　e　toconfusion。　a　superior　man　takes　office；　and　performs　the　righteous　dutiesbelonging　to　it。　as　to　the　failure　of　right　principles　to　make　progress；　he　isaware　of　that。〃
　　the　men　who　have　retired　to　privacy　from　the　world　have　been　po…i；　shu…ch'i；yuchung；　i…yi；　chu…chang；　hui　of　liu…hsia；　and　shao…lien。
　　the　master　said；　〃refusing　to　surrender　their　wills；　or　to　submit　to　anytaint　in　their　persons；　such；　i　think；　were　po…i　and　shu…ch'i。
　　〃it　may　be　said　of　hui　of　liu…hsia！　and　of　shaolien；　that　they　surrenderedtheir　wills；　and　submitted　to　taint　in　their　persons；　but　their　wordscorresponded　with　reason；　and　their　actions　were　such　as　men　are　anxious　to　see。this　is　all　that　is　to　be　remarked　in　them。
　　〃it　may　be　said　of　yu…chung　and　i…yi；　that；　while　they　hid　themselves　intheir　seclusion；　they　gave　a　license　to　their　words；　but　in　their　persons；　theysucceeded　in　preserving　their　purity；　and；　in　their　retirement；　they　actedaccording　to　the　exigency　of　the　times。
　　〃i　am　different　from　all　these。　i　have　no　course　for　which　i　ampredetermined；　and　no　course　against　which　i　am　predetermined。〃
　　the　grand　music　master；　chih；　went　to　ch'i。
　　kan；　the　master　of　the　band　at　the　second　meal；　went　to　ch'u。　liao；　the　bandmaster　at　the　third　meal；　went　to　ts'ai。　chueh；　the　band　master　at　the　fourthmeal；　went　to　ch'in。
　　fang…shu；　the　drum　master；　withdrew　to　the　north　of　the　river。
　　wu；　the　master　of　the　hand　drum；　withdrew　to　the　han。
　　yang；　the　assistant　music　master；　and　hsiang；　master　of　the　musical　stone；withdrew　to　an　island　in　the　sea。
　　the　duke　of　chau　addressed　his　son；　the　duke　of　lu；　saying；　〃the　virtuousprince　does　not　neglect　his　relations。　he　does　not　cause　the　great　ministers　torepine　at　his　not　employing　them。　without　some　great　cause；　he　does　not　dismissfrom　their　offices　the　members　of　old　families。　he　does　not　seek　in　one　mantalents　for　every　employment。〃
　　to　chau　belonged　the　eight　officers；　po…ta；　po…kwo；　chung…tu；　chung…hwu；shu…ya；　shuhsia；　chi…sui；　and　chi…kwa。
　　19
　　tsze…chang　said；　〃the　scholar；　trained　for　public　duty；　seeing　threateningdanger；　is　prepared　to　sacrifice　his　life。　when　the　opportunity　of　gain　ispresented　to　him；　he　thinks　of　righteousness。　in　sacrificing；　his　thoughts　arereverential。　in　mourning；　his　thoughts　are　about　the　grief　which　he　should　feel。such　a　man　mands　our　approbation　indeed
　　tsze…chang　said；　〃when　a　man　holds　fast　to　virtue；　but　without　seeking　toenlarge　it；　and　believes　in　right　principles；　but　without　firm　sincerity；　whataccount　can　be　made　of　his　existence　or　non…existence？〃
　　the　disciples　of　tsze…hsia　asked　tsze…chang　about　the　principles　that　shouldcharacterize　mutual　intercourse。　tsze…chang　asked；　〃what　does　tsze…hsia　say　onthe　subject？〃　they　replied；　〃tsze…hsia　says：　'associate　with　those　who　canadvantage　you。　put　away　from　you　those　who　cannot　do　so。'〃　tsze…chang　observed；〃this　is　different　from　what　i　have　learned。　the　superior　man　honors　thetalented　and　virtuous；　and　bears　with　all。　he　praises　the　good；　and　pities　theinpetent。　am　i　possessed　of　great　talents　and　virtue？…who　is　there　among　menwhom　i　will　not　bear　with？　am　i　devoid　of　talents　and　virtue？…men　will　put　meaway　from　them。　what　have　we　to　do　with　the　putting　away　of　others？〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃even　in　inferior　studies　and　employments　there　is　somethingworth　being　looked　at；　but　if　it　be　attempted　to　carry　them　out　to　what　isremote；　there　is　a　danger　of　their　proving　inapplicable。　therefore；　the　superiorman　does　not　practice　them。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃he；　who　from　day　to　day　recognizes　what　he　has　not　yet；　andfrom　month　to　month　does　not　forget　what　he　has　attained　to；　may　be　said　indeedto　love　to　learn。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃there　are　learning　extensively；　and　having　a　firm　andsincere　aim；　inquiring　with　earnestness；　and　reflecting　with　self…application：…virtue　is　in　such　a　course。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃mechanics　have　their　shops　to　dwell　in；　in　order　toacplish　their　works。　the　superior　man　learns；　in　order　to　reach　to　the　utmostof　his　principles。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃the　mean　man　is　sure　to　gloss　his　faults。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃the　superior　man　undergoes　three　changes。　looked　at　from　adistance；　he　appears　stern；　when　approached；　he　is　mild；　when　he　is　heard　tospeak；　his　language　is　firm　and　decided。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃the　superior　man；　having　obtained　their　confidence；　maythen　impose　labors　on　his　people。　if　he　have　not　gained　their　confidence；　theywill　think　that　he　is　oppressing　them。　having　obtained　the　confidence　of　hisprince；　one　may　then　remonstrate　with　him。　if　he　have　not　gained　his　confidence；the　prince　will　think　that　he　is　vilifying　him。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃when　a　person　does　not　transgress　the　boundary　line　in　thegreat　virtues；　he　may　pass　and　repass　it　in　the　small　virtues。〃
　　tsze…yu　said；　〃the　disciples　and　followers　of　tsze…hsia；　in　sprinkling　andsweeping　the　ground；　in　answering　and　replying；　in　advancing　and　receding；　aresufficiently　acplished。　but　these　are　only　the　branches　of　learning；　and　theyare　left　ignorant　of　what　is　essential。…how　can　they　be　acknowledged　assufficiently　taught？〃
　　tsze…hsia　heard　of　the　remark　and　said；　〃alas！　yen　yu　is　wrong。　according　tothe　way　of　the　superior　man　in　teaching；　what　departments　are　there　which　heconsiders　of　prime　importance；　and　delivers？　what　are　there　which　he　considersof　secondary　importance；　and　allows　himself　to　be　idle　about？　but　as　in　the　caseof　plants；　which　are　assorted　according　to　their　classes；　so　he　deals　with　hisdisciples。　how　can　the　way　of　a　superior　man　be　such　as　to　make　fools　of　any　ofthem？　is　it　not　the　sage　alone；　who　can　unite　in　one　the　beginning　and　theconsummation　of　learning？〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃the　officer；　having　discharged　all　his　duties；　shoulddevote　his　leisure　to　learning。　the　student；　having　pleted　his　learning；should　apply　himself　to　be　an　officer。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃mourning；　having　been　carried　to　the　utmost　degree　of　grief；should　stop　with　that。〃
　　tsze…hsia　said；　〃my　friend　chang　can　do　things　which　are　hard　to　be　done；but　yet　he　is　not　perfectly　virtuous。〃
　　the　philosopher　tsang　said；　〃how　imposing　is　the　manner　of　chang！　it　isdifficult　along　with　him　to　practice　virtue。〃
　　the　philosopher　tsang　said；　〃i　heard　this　from　our　master：　'men　may　not　haveshown　what　is　in　them　to　the　full　extent；　and　yet　they　will　be　found　to　do　so；on　the　occasion　of　mourning　for　their　parents。〃
　　the　philosopher　tsang　said；　〃i　have　heard　this　from　our　master：…'the　filialpiety　of　mang　chwang；　in　other　matters；