论语(英文版)-第8部分

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ssenger　away。
　　chi　k'ang　having　sent　him　a　present　of　physic；　he　bowed　and　received　it；saying；　〃i　do　not　know　it。　i　dare　not　taste　it。〃
　　the　stable　being　burned　down；　when　he　was　at　court；　on　his　return　he　said；〃has　any　man　been　hurt？〃　he　did　not　ask　about　the　horses。
　　when　the　he　would　adjust　his　mat；　first　taste　it；　and　then　give　it　away　toothers。　when　the　prince　sent　him　a　gift　of　undressed　meat；　he　would　have　itcooked；　and　offer　it　to　the　spirits　of　his　ancestors。　when　the　prince　sent　him　agift　of　a　living　animal；　he　would　keep　it　alive。
　　when　he　was　in　attendance　on　the　prince　and　joining　in　the　entertainment；the　prince　only　sacrificed。　he　first　tasted　everything。
　　when　he　was　ill　and　the　prince　came　to　visit　him；　he　had　his　head　to　theeast；　made　his　court　robes　be　spread　over　him；　and　drew　his　girdle　across　them。
　　when　the　prince's　order　called　him；　without　waiting　for　his　carriage　to　beyoked；　he　went　at　once。
　　when　he　entered　the　ancestral　temple　of　the　state；　he　asked　about　everything。
　　when　any　of　his　friends　died；　if　he　had　no　relations　offices；　he　would　say；〃i　will　bury　him。〃
　　when　a　friend　sent　him　a　present；　though　it　might　be　a　carriage　and　horses；he　did　not　bow。
　　the　only　present　for　which　he　bowed　was　that　of　the　flesh　of　sacrifice。
　　in　bed；　he　did　not　lie　like　a　corpse。　at　home；　he　did　not　put　on　any　formaldeportment。
　　when　he　saw　any　one　in　a　mourning　dress；　though　it　might　be　an　acquaintance；he　would　change　countenance；　when　he　saw　any　one　wearing　the　cap　of　full　dress；or　a　blind　person；　though　he　might　be　in　his　undress；　he　would　salute　him　in　aceremonious　manner。
　　to　any　person　in　mourning　he　bowed　forward　to　the　crossbar　of　his　carriage；he　bowed　in　the　same　way　to　any　one　bearing　the　tables　of　population。
　　when　he　was　at　an　entertainment　where　there　was　an　abundance　of　provisionsset　before　him；　he　would　change　countenance　and　rise　up。
　　on　a　sudden　clap　of　thunder；　or　a　violent　wind；　he　would　change　countenance。
　　when　he　was　about　to　mount　his　carriage；　he　would　stand　straight；　holdingthe　cord。
　　when　he　was　in　the　carriage；　he　did　not　turn　his　head　quite　round；　he　didnot　talk　hastily；　he　did　not　point　with　his　hands。
　　seeing　the　countenance；　it　instantly　rises。　it　flies　round；　and　by　and　bysettles。
　　the　master　said；　〃there　is　the　hen…pheasant　on　the　hill　bridge。　at　itsseason！　at　its　season！〃　tsze…lu　made　a　motion　to　it。　thrice　it　smelt　him　andthen　rose。
　　11
　　the　master　said；　〃the　men　of　former　times　in　the　matters　of　ceremonies　andmusic　were　rustics；　it　is　said；　while　the　men　of　these　latter　times；　inceremonies　and　music；　are　acplished　gentlemen。
　　〃if　i　have　occasion　to　use　those　things；　i　follow　the　men　of　former　times。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃of　those　who　were　with　me　in　ch'an　and　ts'ai；　there　arenone　to　be　found　to　enter　my　door。〃
　　distinguished　for　their　virtuous　principles　and　practice；　there　were　yenyuan；　min　tsze…ch'ien；　zan　po…niu；　and　chung…kung；　for　their　ability　in　speech；tsai　wo　and　tsze…kung；　for　their　administrative　talents；　zan　yu　and　chi　lu；　fortheir　literary　acquirements；　tsze…yu　and　tsze…hsia。
　　the　master　said；　〃hui　gives　me　no　assistance。　there　is　nothing　that　i　say　inwhich　he　does　not　delight。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃filial　indeed　is　min　tsze…ch'ien！　other　people　say　nothingof　him　different　from　the　report　of　his　parents　and　brothers。〃
　　nan　yung　was　frequently　repeating　the　lines　about　a　white　scepter　stonenfucius　gave　him　the　daughter　of　his　elder　brother　to　wife。
　　chi　k'ang　asked　which　of　the　disciples　loved　to　learn。　confucius　replied　tohim；　〃there　was　yen　hui；　he　loved　to　learn。　unfortunately　his　appointed　time　wasshort；　and　he　died。　now　there　is　no　one　who　loves　to　learn；　as　he　did。〃
　　when　yen　yuan　died；　yen　lu　begged　the　carriage　of　the　master　to　sell　and　getan　outer　shell　for　his　son's　coffin。
　　the　master　said；　〃every　one　calls　his　son　his　son；　whether　he　has　talents　orhas　not　talents。　there　was　li；　when　he　died；　he　had　a　coffin　but　no　outer　shell。i　would　not　walk　on　foot　to　get　a　shell　for　him；　because；　having　followed　in　therear　of　the　great　officers；　it　was　not　proper　that　i　should　walk　on　foot。〃
　　when　yen　yuan　died；　the　master　said；　〃alas！　heaven　is　destroying　me！　heavenis　destroying　me！〃
　　when　yen　yuan　died；　the　master　bewailed　him　exceedingly；　and　the　discipleswho　were　with　him　said；　〃master；　your　grief　is　excessive！〃
　　〃is　it　excessive？〃　said　he。　〃if　i　am　not　to　mourn　bitterly　for　this　man；　forwhom　should　i　mourn？〃
　　when　yen　yuan　died；　the　disciples　wished　to　give　him　a　great　funeral；　andthe　master　said；　〃you　may　not　do　so。〃
　　the　disciples　did　bury　him　in　great　style。
　　the　master　said；　〃hui　behaved　towards　me　as　his　father。　i　have　not　been　ableto　treat　him　as　my　son。　the　fault　is　not　mine；　it　belongs　to　you；　o　disciples。〃
　　chi　lu　asked　about　serving　the　spirits　of　the　dead。　the　master　said；　〃whileyou　are　not　able　to　serve　men；　how　can　you　serve　their　spirits？〃　chi　lu　added；〃i　venture　to　ask　about　death？〃　he　was　answered；　〃while　you　do　not　know　life；how　can　you　know　about　death？〃
　　the　disciple　min　was　standing　by　his　side；　looking　bland　and　precise；　tsze…lu；　looking　bold　and　soldierly；　zan　yu　and　tsze…kung；　with　a　free　andstraightforward　manner。　the　master　was　pleased。
　　he　said；　〃yu；　there！…he　will　not　die　a　natural　death。〃
　　some　parties　in　lu　were　going　to　take　down　and　rebuild　the　long　treasury。
　　min　tsze…ch'ien　said；　〃suppose　it　were　to　be　repaired　after　its　old　style；…why　must　it　be　altered　and　made　anew？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃this　man　seldom　speaks；　when　he　does；　he　is　sure　to　hitthe　point。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃what　has　the　lute　of　yu　to　do　in　my　door？〃
　　the　other　disciples　began　not　to　respect　tszelu。　the　master　said；　〃yu　hasascended　to　the　hall；　though　he　has　not　yet　passed　into　the　inner　apartments。〃
　　tsze…kung　asked　which　of　the　two；　shih　or　shang；　was　the　superior。　themaster　said；　〃shih　goes　beyond　the　due　mean；　and　shang　does　not　e　up　to　it。〃
　　〃then；〃　said　tsze…kung；　〃the　superiority　is　with　shih；　i　suppose。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃to　go　beyond　is　as　wrong　as　to　fall　short。〃
　　the　head　of　the　chi　family　was　richer　than　the　duke　of　chau　had　been；　andyet　ch'iu　collected　his　imposts　for　him；　and　increased　his　wealth。
　　the　master　said；　〃he　is　no　disciple　of　mine。　my　little　children；　beat　thedrum　and　assail　him。〃
　　ch'ai　is　simple。　shan　is　dull。　shih　is　specious。　yu　is　coarse。
　　the　master　said；　〃there　is　hui！　he　has　nearly　attained　to　perfect　virtue。　heis　often　in　want。
　　〃ts'ze　does　not　acquiesce　in　the　appointments　of　heaven；　and　his　goods　areincreased　by　him。　yet　his　judgments　are　often　correct。〃
　　tsze…chang　asked　what　were　the　characteristics　of　the　good　man。　the　mastersaid；　〃he　does　not　tread　in　the　footsteps　of　others；　but　moreover；　he　does　notenter　the　chamber　of　the　sage。〃
　　the　master　said；　〃if；　because　a　man's　discourse　appears　solid　and　sincere；we　allow　him　to　be　a　good　man；　is　he　really　a　superior　man？　or　is　his　gravityonly　in　appearance？〃
　　tsze…lu　asked　whether　he　should　immediately　carry　into　practice　what　heheard。　the　master　said；　〃there　are　your　father　and　elder　brothers　to　beconsulted；…why　should　you　act　on　that　principle　of　immediately　carrying　intopractice　what　you　hear？〃　zan　yu　asked　the　same；　whether　he　should　immediatelycarry　into　practice　what　he　heard；　and　the　master　answered；　〃immediately　carryinto　practice　what　you　hear。〃　kung…hsi　hwa　said；　〃yu　asked　whether　he　shouldcarry　immediately　into　practice　what　he　heard；　and　you　said；　'there　are　yourfather　and　elder　brothers　to　be　consulted。'　ch'iu　asked　whether　he　shouldimmediately　carry　into　practice　what　he　heard；　and　you　said；　'carry　itimmediately　into　practice。'　i；　ch'ih；　am　perplexed；　and　venture　to　ask　you　foran　explanation。〃　the　master　said；　〃ch'iu　is　retiring　and　slow；　therefore　i　urgedhim　forward。　yu　has　more　than　his　own　share　of　energy；　therefore　i　kept　himback。〃
　　the　master　was　put　in　fear　in　k'wang　and　yen　yuan　fell　behind。　the　master；on　his　rejoining　him；　said；　〃i　thought　you　had　died。〃　hui　replied；　〃while　youwere　alive；　how　should　i　presume　to　die？〃
　　chi　tsze…zan　asked　whether　chung　yu　and　zan　ch'iu　could　be　called　greatministers。
　　the　master　said；　〃i　thought　you　would　ask　about　some　extraordinaryindividuals；　and　you　only　ask　about　yu　and　ch'iu！
　　〃what　is　called　a　great　minister；　is　one　who　serves　his　prince　according　towhat　is　right；　and　when　he　finds　he　cannot　do　so；　retires。
　　〃now；　as　to　yu　and　ch'iu；　they　may　be　called　ordinary　ministers。〃
　　tsze…zan　said；　〃then　they　will　always　follow　their　chief；…win　they？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃in　an　act　of　parricide　or　regicide；　they　would　not　followhim。〃
　　tsze…lu　got　tsze…kao　appointed　governor　of　pi。
　　the　master　said；　〃you　are　injuring　a　man's　son。〃
　　tsze…lu　said；　〃there　are；　there；　mon　people　and　officers；　there　are　thealtars　of　the　spirits　of　the　land　and　grain。　why　must　one　read　books　before　hecan　be　considered　to　have　learned？〃
　　the　master　said；　〃it　is　on　this　account　that　i　hate　your　glib…tonguedpeople。〃
　　tsze…lu；　tsang　hsi；　zan　yu；　and　kunghsi　hwa　were　sitting　by　the　master。
　　he　said　to　them；　〃though　i　a